Afro-Spaniards are Spanish people of African descent, including North Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa, Afro-Caribbean, Afro-American, and Afro-Latin American descent. The Spanish government does not collect data on ethnicity or racial self-identification. In practice, people originating in North Africa are usually not included in the definition.
Defining Afro-Spaniards
Even though no official census data include racial or ethnic self-identification in Spain, some attempts have been made to quantify the number of Afro-Spaniards. Crossing the data of two official studies, there are at least 1,029,944 Afro-Spaniards, of whom a 47% were born in Spain and a 71% are Spanish nationals.
There are currently 1,301,296 Spanish residents who were born in countries in the African continent, excluding the 1,802,810 born in Ceuta, Melilla, and the Canary Islands, which are Spanish provinces, and, in the case of Ceuta and Melilla, autonomous cities geographically located in Africa.
Out of these, 294,343 are Spanish citizens and 1,006,953 are foreign residents. The large majority of these originate in Morocco. There are 934,046 Moroccan born residents in Spain of which 223,590 are Spaniards and 710,457 are foreign residents. However, Moroccans being North Africans, they are usually not considered as Afro-Spaniards unless they are Black Moroccans, or have visible physical features usually associated with Black peoples. Non-Moroccan African-born residents in Spain thus number 367,250 of which 70,753 are Spanish citizens and 296,497 are foreign residents.
According to the national statistics agency, in 2019 there were 361,000 residents in Spain whose mother was born in an African country excluding Morocco. Out of these 91,000 were Spanish citizens.
Notable people
Academics and scientists Antumi Toasije, historian and activist Justo Bolekia Boleka, philologist and writer
Artists and writers Elvira Dyangani, art curator Juan Latino, poet and Renaissance humanist Bisila Noha, ceramist Juan de Pareja, painter of Morisco origin born in Antequera.
Explorers and conquistadores Juan Valiente Juan Garrido Beatriz de Palacios
In entertainment and media
Philanthropists Bisila Bokoko
Politicians Rita Bosaho Basha Changue Luc André Diouf Ignacio Garriga Dolores Johnson Sastre Serigne Mbayé Tesh Sidi Viviane Ogou
In sports
See also
African immigration to Europe Afro-Hispanic people Algerians in Spain Equatorial Guinean immigration to Spain Fernandino peoples Moroccans in Spain Racism in Spain Spanish Equatoguineans Spanish Guinea
Sources Appiah, Kwame Anthony; Gates, Henry Louis, Jr.(1999). Africana: the Encyclopedia of African and African American Experience. Basic Civitas Books, pp. 1769–1773. .
References