The Malla dynasty was the ruling dynasty of Kathmandu Valley in Nepal, from the 13th to the 18th century. The Mallas, starting from Aridev Malla in 1201, ruled the Kathmandu Valley and surrounding region which was known as Nepal or Nepal Mandala and the citizens were known as Nepa:mi (in Newari) at that time. In the late 15th century, the Kathmandu Valley was divided into four kingdoms of Bhaktapur (Bhadgaon), Kathmandu (Kantipur), Patan (Lalitpur), and Banepa. The division led to weakening of the dynasty resulted by numerous conflicts among the rulers.
The Malla dynasty came to an end in 1769 when Prithvi Narayan Shah of Gorkha invaded the valley, thus inaugurating the Shah dynasty of Nepal.
Malla rulers of the Kathmandu valley +NameReignNotesArideva Malla1201–1216First Malla king. Lineage still debated.Abhaya Malla1216–1255Suffered from internal and external conflicts. Died in the earthquake of 1255.Jayadeva Malla 7 June 1255–11 Jan 1258Deposed. Last successor from the lineage of Arideva.Jayabhimadeva Jan 1258–Apr 1271From House of Bhonta. Became a king after an agreement with Jayasimha Malla. Jayasimha MallaJan 1258–Apr 1271From House of Tripura. Became a king following the same agreement as before. Deposed.Ananta Malla 1274–14 Aug 1308Faced several invasions from the Khasa Kingdom, and Tirhut. Throne was vacant after his death for five years.Jayanandadeva 1313–1320Powerless monarch. Administration resided in the hands of Rudra Malla.Jayari Malla5 Apr 1320–14 Sep 1344Devalakshmidevi returns to the valley. Faced Khasa invasion twice.Jayarajadeva6 Sep 1348–1361Nominal figurehead; Devalakashmidevi controls the kingdom; Bengal Sultanate invades Nepal.Jayarjunadeva18 Ap 1360–23 Nov 1381Jayasthiti Malla rises as the supreme figure of the realm. Jayarjuna exiled by the same.Jayasthiti Malla15 Sep 1382–5 Sep 1395Obscure origin; Ancestor to all the later Mallas of Kantipur and Bhaktapur. Jayadharma Malla1395–1408Jayajyotir Malla 1408–1428Jayayakshya Malla1428–1 March 1482Valley divided into four kingdoms of Kantipur, Patan, Bhaktapur, and Banepa after his death between his son.
Malla rulers of Kantipur (Yen) PictureNameReignRatna Malla1482–152038 yearsSurya Malla1520–153010 yearsAmara (Narendra) Malla1530–156030 yearsMahendra Malla1560–157414 yearsSadashiva Malla1574–15839 yearsShivasimha Malla 1583–162037 yearsLakshmi Narasimha Malla1620–164121 yearsPratap Malla 1641–167433 yearsNripendra Malla1674–16806 yearsParthibendra Malla1680–16877 yearsBhupalendra Malla1687–170013 yearsBhaskara Malla1700–172222 yearsJagajjaya Malla1722–173614 yearsJaya Prakash Malla 1736–174610 yearsJyoti Prakash Malla1746–17504 yearsJaya Prakash Malla 1750–176818 years
Malla rulers of Lalitpur (Yala) PictureNameReignPurandara Simhac. 1580–1600Harihara Simhac. 1600–1609 Siddhi Narasimha Malla1620–1661Srinivasa Malla1661–1685Yoga Narendra Malla1685–1705Loka Prakash Malla1705–1706Indra Malla (Purandara Malla)1706–1709Vira Narasimha Malla1709Vira Mahindra Malla1709–1715Riddhi Narasimha Malla1715–1717 Mahindrasimha Malla (King of Kantipur)1717–1722Yoga Prakash Malla1722–1729Vishnu Malla1729–1745Rajya Prakash Malla1745–1758Vishvajit Malla1758–1760Jaya Prakash Malla (King of Kantipur)1760–1761 Ranajit Malla (King of Bhaktapur)1762–1763Dal Mardan Shah1764–1765Tej Narasimha Malla1765–1768
Malla rulers of Bhaktapur (Khwopa) PictureNameReignRaya Malla1482–1505Bhuwana Malla1405–1519Prana Malla1519–1547Vishva Malla1547–1561Trailokya Malla (with Tribhuvana Malla and Ganga Rani)1560–1613Jagajjyoti Malla1613–1637Naresha Malla1637–1643Jagat Prakasha Malla1643–1672Jitamitra Malla1672–1696Bhupatindra Malla1696–1722Ranajit Malla1722–1769
References Petech, Luciano. (1984). Mediaeval History of Nepal (ca. 750–1480). 2nd ed. Serie orientale, toma 54. Rome: Institutio Italiano per il Medio ed Estremo Oriente.