Cosmospora is a genus of ascomycete fungi in the family Nectriaceae. The genus, as circumscribed by Rossman et al. (1998), included all the nectrioid species with small, reddish, non-ornamented sexual fruiting bodies that collapse laterally when dry. However, the genus was shown to be polyphyletic, and the majority of species were re-classified into revived or recently established genera that are monophyletic. Cosmospora sensu Rossman housed members of the following genera: Chaetopsina, Cylindrocladiella, Fusicolla, Macroconia, Mariannaea, Microcera, Pseudocosmospora, Stylonectria, and Volutella. Cosmospora was restricted to species having acremonium-like asexual morphs that grow on polypores and xylariaceous fungi by Gräfenhan in 2011. About 20 species are accepted in the genus (Gräfenhan et al. 2011; Herrera et al. 2015; Zeng and Zhuang et al. 2016; Luo et al. 2019; Lechat et al. 2021).
The name Cosmospora comes from Greek kosmos + spora, meaning ornamented spores.
Species
Cosmospora Cosmospora coccinea Cosmospora arxii Cosmospora butyri Cosmospora cymosa Cosmospora khandalensis Cosmospora lavitskiae Cosmospora scruposae Cosmospora viliuscula Cosmospora viridescens Chaetopsina Chaetopsina fulva Chaetopsina penicillata Chaetopsina polyblastia Cylindrocladiella Cylindrocladiella microcylindrica Dialonectria Dialonectria episphaeria Fusicolla Fusicolla matuoi Macroconia Macroconia leptosphaeriae Macroconia cupularis Macroconia gigas Macroconia papilionacearum Mariannaea Mariannaea catenulatae Microcera Microcera coccophila Microcera diploa Microcera larvarum Pseudocosmospora Pseudocosmospora joca Pseudocosmospora metepisphaeria Pseudocosmospora pseudepisphaeria Pseudocosmospora triqua Pseudocosmospora vilior Stylonectria Stylonectria purtonii Stylonectria wegeliniana Volutella Volutella consors Volutella citrinella Incertae sedis Cosmospora biasolettiana Cosmospora chlorina Cosmospora damingshanica Cosmospora digitalicola Cosmospora diminuta Cosmospora dingleyae Cosmospora effusa Cosmospora geastroides Cosmospora glabra Cosmospora henanensis Cosmospora hispanica Cosmospora japonica Cosmospora jucundula Cosmospora kurdica Cosmospora lasiodiplodiae Cosmospora macrochaetopsinae Cosmospora marelliana Cosmospora meliopsicola Cosmospora nothepisphaeria Cosmospora nummulariae Cosmospora obscura Cosmospora peponum Cosmospora pseudoflavoviridis Cosmospora purpureocolla Cosmospora rickii Cosmospora rubrisetosa Cosmospora sansevieriae Cosmospora stegonsporii Cosmospora stilbosporae Cosmospora thujana Cosmospora tungurahuana
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