Turbonilla is a large genus of ectoparasitic sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2011). Turbonilla Risso, 1826. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138421 on 2011-11-10Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180-213Spencer, H.; Marshall. B. (2009). All Mollusca except Opisthobranchia. In: Gordon, D. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity. Volume One: Kingdom Animalia. 584 pp
This genus in its present state is not monophyletic. Many species may end up reclassified in other genera. (personal communication by Philippe Bouchet, chief editor of the Mollusca in WoRMS).WoRMS : † Turbonilla semicostata Lozouet & Maestrati, 1982
General description The generally slender, bluish-white to milk-white, semitranslucent shell is more or less elongated and has a cylindro-conic shape.
The apex is sinistral. The reversed, flattened or projecting protoconch consists of 1½ to 3 whorls that are oblique or tilted from transverse to the axis.
The teleoconch contains many planulate or more or less convex whorls. These are sometimes shouldered and are generally ornamented with less prominent longitudinal ribs ( = costulate).
The intercostal spaces are smooth or crossed bv more or less distinct, incised, sometimes raised, spiral lines. The spiral lines often also appear on the base of the shell, which varies from short, little rounded (the body whorl is subangulated at the periphery), to elongate and well-rounded.
The shape of the aperture varies from subquadrate with a straight columellar lip, to an elongate-ovate shape, well-rounded and produced below, with a curved columellar lip. The peritreme is generally discontinuous, rarely continuous.
The outer lip is always thin and entire. The inner lip is more or less thickened and reflected, often with a plication or fold that is not always visible externally.
The columella is vertical, not plicate. The columellar fold is single, varying in strength. The horny operculum is subspiral. The shell is usually smaller than in Pyramidella and larger than in Odostomia.
The animal has wide tentacles, an elongated, flattened mentum, usually bilobed in front. The foot is large and anteriorly auriculated.Dall & Bartsch, A Monograph of West American Pyramidellid Mollusks, United States National Museum Bulletin 68, p. 19: 1909G.W. Tryon, Manual of Conchology vol. VIII p. 317
Species Species within the genus Turbonilla include:
A
Turbonilla abbotti (Robba, Di Geronimo, Chaimanee, Negri & Sanfilippo, 2004) Turbonilla abercrombiei Melvill, 1896 Turbonilla abreojensis Dall & Bartsch, 1909 Turbonilla abreui Peñas & Rolán, 2000 Turbonilla abrupta Bush, 1899 Turbonilla abseida Dall & Bartsch, 1906 Turbonilla academica Strong & Hertlein, 1939 Turbonilla acer (Laws, 1937) Turbonilla acicularis (A. Adams, 1855) Turbonilla acosmia Dall & Bartsch, 1906 Turbonilla acra Dall & Bartsch, 1909 Turbonilla actopora Dall & Bartsch, 1906 Turbonilla aculeus (C. B. Adams, 1852) Turbonilla acuta (Donovan, 1804) Turbonilla acutissima Monterosato, 1884 Turbonilla adaba Bartsch, 1915 Turbonilla admira Nomura, 1937 Turbonilla adolforolani Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla adusta Dall & Bartsch, 1909 Turbonilla aemilia Thiele, 1925 Turbonilla aepynota Dall & Bartsch, 1909 Turbonilla aequalis (Say, 1826) Turbonilla affinis (C. B. Adams, 1852) Turbonilla agatha Thiele, 1925 Turbonilla ailhaudi (Saurin, 1959) Turbonilla alarconi Strong, 1949 Turbonilla alaskana Dall & Bartsch, 1909 † Turbonilla albolapis (Laws, 1937) Turbonilla alexandrei Güller & Zelaya, 2019 Turbonilla alexleoni Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla alfredi Abbott, 1958 Turbonilla almejasensis Bartsch, 1917 Turbonilla almo Dall & Bartsch, 1909 Turbonilla alta Clessin, 1902 Turbonilla alvarezhalconi Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla alvheimi Lygre & Schander, 2010 Turbonilla amalia Thiele, 1925 Turbonilla amanda Thiele, 1925 Turbonilla amandi Strong & Hertlein, 1939 Turbonilla ambigua (Saurin, 1962) Turbonilla americana (d'Orbigny, 1841) Turbonilla amiriana Hertlein & Strong, 1951 Turbonilla amoena (Monterosato, 1878) Turbonilla amortajadensis Baker, Hanna & Strong, 1928 Turbonilla ampliusulcata Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla anae Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla andersi Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla andrewsi Dall & Bartsch, 1909 Turbonilla angea Bartsch, 1915 Turbonilla angelinagagliniae Schander, 1997 Turbonilla angolensis Schander, 1994 Turbonilla angusta (Carpenter, 1864): synonym of Chrysallida angusta P. P. Carpenter, 1864 † Turbonilla angustula Pilsbry & C. W. Johnson, 1917 Turbonilla anira Bartsch, 1927 † Turbonilla anita Aldrich, 1907 Turbonilla anna Thiele, 1925 Turbonilla annamitica (Saurin, 1959) Turbonilla annettae Dall & Bartsch, 1909 Turbonilla anselmoi Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla anselmopenasi Lygre & Schander, 2010 Turbonilla antestriata Dall & Bartsch, 1907 Turbonilla antiquitas Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla anularia Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla aola Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla aoteana Powell, 1930 Turbonilla approximata Dall & Bartsch, 1906 Turbonilla apsa Bartsch, 1915 Turbonilla aquilonaria Silva-Absalao, Dos Santos & De Olivera, 2003 Turbonilla araceliae Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla aracruzensis Pimenta & Absalao, 2004 Turbonilla aragoni Dall & Bartsch, 1909 † Turbonilla aratibacillum Pilsbry & C. W. Johnson, 1917 Turbonilla arayai Nomura, 1936 † Turbonilla arcana Laws, 1937 Turbonilla archeri Dall & Bartsch, 1904 Turbonilla arcuata Nomura, 1936 Turbonilla aresta Dall & Bartsch, 1909 Turbonilla argentea Sowerby III, 1892 Turbonilla argentina (Doello-Jurado, 1938) Turbonilla aripana Strong, 1949 Turbonilla armandoi Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla arnoldoi De Jong & Coomans, 1988 Turbonilla arrighii (Saurin, 1959) Turbonilla arta Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla aspera Kuroda & Habe, 1971 † Turbonilla asperedolata Laws, 1940 Turbonilla asperula Bush, 1899 Turbonilla asser Dall & Bartsch, 1909 Turbonilla assimilans E. A. Smith, 1890 Turbonilla asunae Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla asuncionis Strong, 1949 Turbonilla ata Bartsch, 1926 Turbonilla atlantica (Locard, 1897) Turbonilla atossa Bartsch, 1915P. Bartsch (1915), Report on the Turton collection of South African marine mollusks, with additional notes on other South African shells contained in the United States National Museum; Bulletin of the United States National Museum v. 91 (1915) Turbonilla attrita Dall & Bartsch, 1909 Turbonilla atypha Bush, 1899 Turbonilla aulica Dall & Bartsch, 1906 Turbonilla aurantia (Carpenter, 1864) Turbonilla auricolor Nomura, 1936 Turbonilla auricoma Dall & Bartsch, 1903 † Turbonilla awamoana Laws, 1937 † Turbonilla awana Nomura, 1938 † Turbonilla awasimulans Laws, 1937 Turbonilla axeli Bartsch, 1924 Turbonilla aya Bartsch, 1926 Turbonilla ayamana Hertlein & Strong, 1951 Turbonilla azteca Baker, Hanna & Strong, 1926
B
Turbonilla bacalladoi Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla baegerti Bartsch, 1917 Turbonilla bahiensis (Castellanos, 1982) Turbonilla bakeri Bartsch, 1912 Turbonilla barazeri Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla barkleyensis Bartsch, 1917 Turbonilla barrierensis (Laws, 1937) Turbonilla barroi Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla bartolomensis Bartsch, 1917 Turbonilla bartonella Strong & Hertlein, 1939 Turbonilla bathybius Barnard, 1963 Turbonilla bayensis van Aartsen & Corgan, 1996 † Turbonilla beali Jordan, 1936 Turbonilla bedoyai Peñas & Rolán, 1997 Turbonilla bega Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla beidaensis Peñas & Rolán, 2000 Turbonilla belenae Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla belonis Melvill & Standen, 1896 Turbonilla belotheca Dall, 1889 Turbonilla beltiana Hertlein & Strong, 1951 Turbonilla bengoensis Peñas & Rolán, 1997 Turbonilla bertha Thiele, 1925 † Turbonilla bexleyana Laws, 1937 Turbonilla biangulata (Robba, Di Geronimo, Chaimanee, Negri & Sanfilippo, 2004) Turbonilla biolleyi Hertlein & Strong, 1951 Turbonilla bisulcata Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla blanchae Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla boisselierae Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla boucheti Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla bougainville Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla brachia E.A. Smith, 1890 Turbonilla brasiliensis Clessin, 1902 † Turbonilla brevisutura (Laws, 1937) Turbonilla brodieae Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla buala Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla bucknilli (Laws, 1937) Turbonilla bughotu Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla burchi Gordon, 1938 Turbonilla bushiana A. E. Verrill, 1882 Turbonilla buteonis Bartsch, 1909 Turbonilla buttoni Dautzenberg, 1912 Turbonilla buzzurroi Peñas & Rolán, 2010
C
Turbonilla cabrilloi Bartsch, 1917 Turbonilla caca Bartsch, 1926 Turbonilla cactiorum Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla caladoi Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla calini Espinosa & Ortea, 2014 Turbonilla callimene Bartsch, 1912 Turbonilla callipeplum Dall & Bartsch, 1909 Turbonilla calvini Dall & Bartsch, 1909 Turbonilla campbellica Odhner, 1924 Turbonilla canadensis Bartsch, 1917 Turbonilla cancellata (Carpenter, 1857) Turbonilla candida (A. Adams, 1855) Turbonilla canfieldi Dall & Bartsch, 1907 Turbonilla cangeyrani Ovalis & Mifsud, 2017 Turbonilla canquei Dautzenberg, 1912 Turbonilla capa Bartsch, 1926 Turbonilla capixaba Pimenta & Absalao, 2004 Turbonilla cara Nomura, 1936 Turbonilla carlosruizi Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla carlotae Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla carlottoi Schander, 1994 Turbonilla carmeae Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla carmenae Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla carpenteri Dall & Bartsch, 1909 Turbonilla castanea (Keep, 1887) Turbonilla castanella Dall, 1908 Turbonilla cbadamsi (Carpenter, 1857) Turbonilla cendoni Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla centrota Dall & Bartsch, 1909 Turbonilla ceralva Dall & Bartsch, 1909 Turbonilla cerina A. Adams, 1861 Turbonilla cesai Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla chalcana Baker, Hanna & Strong, 1928 Turbonilla charbarensis Melvill & Standen, 1901 Turbonilla charezieuxi (Saurin, 1959) Turbonilla cheverti Hedley, 1901 Turbonilla chinandegana Hertlein & Strong, 1951 Turbonilla chirovanga Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla chocolata (Carpenter, 1864) Turbonilla choiseul Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla cholutecana Hertlein & Strong, 1951 Turbonilla churia Bartsch, 1926 Turbonilla cifara Bartsch, 1915 Turbonilla cincta A. Adams, 1860 Turbonilla cinctella Mörch, 1859 Turbonilla circumlata Peñas & Rolán, 2000 Turbonilla circumsutura Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla clara Thiele, 1925 Turbonilla clarinda Bartsch, 1912 Turbonilla clarquei Peñas & Rolán, 2010 Turbonilla clementina Bartsch, 1927 Turbonilla cleo Thiele, 1925 Turbonilla clessiniana Nomura, 1938 † Turbonilla clifdenica Laws, 1937 Turbonilla clippertonensis Hertlein & Allison, 1968 Turbonilla cochimana Strong, 1949 Turbonilla coeni Preston, 1905 Turbonilla colimana Hertlein & Strong, 1951 Turbonilla collea Bartsch, 1926 † Turbonilla collisella T. OLdroyd, 1925 Turbonilla colpodes Melvill, 1910 † Turbonilla comitas Laws, 1937 Turbonilla commoda A. Adams, 1860 Turbonilla compsa Bush, 1899 Turbonilla compta A. Adams, 1861 Turbonilla confusa Brazier, 1877 Turbonilla congoensis Peñas & Rolán, 2000 Turbonilla conoma Ahrens, 1927 Turbonilla conradi Bush, 1899 Turbonilla consanguinea (E. A. Smith, 1891) Turbonilla constricta (E. A. Smith, 1891) † Turbonilla contexta Pilsbry & C. W. Johnson, 1917 Turbonilla contrerasiana Hertlein & Strong, 1951 Turbonilla cookeana Bartsch, 1912 Turbonilla cookiana (Laws, 1937) Turbonilla coomansi Van Aartsen, 1994