Robert Mandrou (; 31 January 1921 – 16 June 1984), was a French historian, one of the members of the Annales School and the secretary to its journal Annales d'Histoire Economique et Sociale ("Annals of economic and social history") . He was also, with Georges Duby one of the pioneers of what Annaliste historians in the 1970s and 80's came to call the "history of mentalities".Le Roy Ladurie, Emmanuel (1985), Robert Mandrou (1921-1984). Annales. Économies, Sociétés, Civilisations. Vol 40, No. 2, pp. 241-243.

Selected works Histoire de la civilisation française (2 vol. with Georges Duby), Paris, Armand Colin, 1958. (published in English as A History of French Civilization, Random House, 1964)

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