The 1824–25 United States Senate Elections were held on various dates in various states. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1824 and 1825, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock. In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 3.

The Jacksonians gained a majority over the Anti-Jacksonian National Republican Party.

Results summary Senate party division, 19th Congress (1825–1827)

Majority party: Jacksonian (26) Minority party: Anti-Jacksonian (22) Total seats: 48

Change in composition

Before the elections   DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR Majority → DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR Fa   Fa Fa Fa Fa

Election results   DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR Majority → AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ DR DR DR DR V V J J J J J J J J   Fa Fa Fa Fa

Beginning of the next Congress

  AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ V V V J Majority → J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J   J J J J

Key: 18th Congress 19th Congress DR Democratic-Republican AJ Anti-Jacksonian F Federalist J Jacksonian   V Vacant

Race summaries Bold states link to specific election articles.

Special elections during the 18th Congress In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1824 or before March 4, 1825; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates Senator Party Electoral history Delaware(Class 2) Vacant Legislature had failed to elect.Incumbent re-elected late January 9, 1824.Federalist gain. Delaware(Class 1) Vacant Caesar A. Rodney (DR) resigned January 29, 1823 in the previous Congress.Successor elected January 13, 1824.Federalist gain. Louisiana(Class 3) James Brown Democratic-Republican 1819 Incumbent resigned December 10, 1823 to become U.S. Minister to France.Successor elected January 15, 1824.Democratic-Republican hold.Successor later re-elected; see below. Connecticut(Class 2) Henry W. Edwards Democratic-Republican 1823 Interim appointee elected May 5, 1824. Louisiana(Class 2) Henry Johnson Democratic-Republican 1818 1823 Incumbent resigned May 27, 1824 to become Governor of Louisiana.Successor elected November 19, 1824.Democratic-Republican hold. Illinois(Class 3) Ninian Edwards Democratic-Republican 18181819 Incumbent resigned March 3, 1824.Successor elected November 24, 1824 on the third ballot, but not to next term.Democratic-Republican hold. Georgia(Class 2) Nicholas Ware Democratic-Republican 1821 1823 Incumbent died September 7, 1824.Successor elected December 6, 1824.Democratic-Republican hold. Virginia(Class 2) John Taylor Democratic-Republican 1792 1793 Died August 21, 1824.Successor elected December 7, 1824.Democratic-Republican hold.

Races leading to the 19th Congress

In these general elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1825 (except where noted due to late election); ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 3 seats. State Incumbent Results Candidates Senator Party Electoral history Alabama William Kelly Democratic-Republican(Jackson faction) 1822 Incumbent retired or lost re-election.Successor elected in 1824.Jacksonian gain. Connecticut James Lanman Democratic-Republican(Crawford faction) 1818 Incumbent re-elected in 1824 but disqualified.Democratic-Republican loss. Georgia John Elliott Democratic-Republican(Crawford faction) 1819 Incumbent retired or lost re-election.Successor elected in 1824.Jacksonian gain. Illinois Ninian Edwards Democratic-Republican(Adams-Clay faction) 18181819 Incumbent retired or lost re-election.Successor elected in 1824 on the tenth ballot.Jacksonian gain. Indiana Waller Taylor Democratic-Republican(Adams-Clay faction) 18161818 Incumbent retired.Successor elected in 1825 on the fourth ballot.Anti-Jacksonian gain. Kentucky Isham Talbot Democratic-Republican(Adams-Clay faction) 1815 1819 1820 Incumbent retired or lost re-election.Successor elected in 1824.Jacksonian gain. Louisiana Josiah S. Johnston Democratic-Republican(Adams-Clay faction) 1824 Incumbent re-elected in 1825 on the second ballot as an Anti-Jacksonian. Maryland Edward Lloyd Democratic-Republican(Crawford faction) 1819 Incumbent re-elected in 1825 as a Jacksonian. Missouri David Barton Democratic-Republican(Adams-Clay faction) 1821 Incumbent re-elected in 1824 as an Anti-Jacksonian. New Hampshire John F. Parrott Democratic-Republican(Adams-Clay faction) 1818 Incumbent retired or lost re-election.Successor elected in 1825 on the forty-first ballot.Jacksonian gain.Successor seated late March 16, 1825. New York Rufus King Federalist(Adams-Clay faction) 178917951796 18131819/1820 Incumbent retired.Vacant due to a deadlock in the New York State Legislature.Federalist loss. North Carolina Nathaniel Macon Democratic-Republican(Crawford faction) 1815 1818 Incumbent re-elected in 1824 as a Jacksonian. Ohio Ethan Allen Brown Democratic-Republican(Adams-Clay faction) 1822 Incumbent lost re-election.Successor elected in 1825 on the fourth ballot.Anti-Jacksonian gain. Pennsylvania Walter Lowrie Democratic-Republican(Crawford faction) 1818 Incumbent retired.Successor elected in February 1825 on the thirty-second ballot.Anti-Jacksonian gain. South Carolina John Gaillard Democratic-Republican(Crawford faction) 1804 180618121818 Incumbent re-elected in 1824 on the second ballot as a Jacksonian. Vermont William A. Palmer Democratic-Republican(Adams-Clay faction) 1818 1818 Incumbent retired.Successor elected in 1824 on the fourth ballot.Anti-Jacksonian gain.

Special elections during the 19th Congress In these special elections, the winners were seated in 1825 after March 4; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates Senator Party Electoral history Connecticut(Class 3) Vacant Vacant due to credentials challenge.Successor elected May 4, 1825.Anti-Jacksonian gain. Tennessee(Class 2) Andrew Jackson Jacksonian 1797 1798 1823 Incumbent resigned October 14, 1825.Successor elected October 28, 1825.Jacksonian hold. Rhode Island(Class 2) James DeWolf Anti-Jacksonian 1820/1821 Incumbent resigned October 31, 1825.Successor elected October 31, 1825.Anti-Jacksonian hold.

Alabama

Connecticut

Connecticut (special, class 2)

Connecticut (regular)

Connecticut (special, class 3)

Delaware

Delaware (special, class 1) Incumbent Democratic-Republican Caesar A. Rodney resigned on January 29, 1823, after being appointed U.S. Minister Plenipotentiary to the United Provinces of the River Plate, an office now known as the U.S. Ambassador to Argentina, by President James Monroe. A special election was held on January 13, 1824. Federalist Anti-Jacksonian Thomas Clayton, a Delaware State Senator and former congressman was elected to the office, beating Delaware State Representative Henry M. Ridgely, who was also a Federalist, but one with Jacksonian sympathies.

Delaware (special, class 2)

The Delaware General Assembly had failed to elect a senator in the previous election cycle. Nicholas Van Dyke, the incumbent, was reelected late.

Georgia

Georgia (special)

Georgia (regular)

Illinois

Illinois (special)

Incumbent Democratic-Republican Ninian Edwards resigned on March 3, 1824, to become the U.S. Minister to Mexico, although he never took office. Former Speaker of the Illinois House of Representatives John McLean, a Democratic-Republican was elected to take his place on November 24, 1824.

Illinois (regular)

Indiana

Kentucky

Louisiana

Louisiana (special)

Incumbent Democratic-Republican James Brown resigned on December 10, 1823, to become the U.S. Minister to France. A special election was held on January 15, 1824. Both candidates were Democratic-Republicans but were split over loyalties to Andrew Jackson. The Anti-Jacksonian, former congressman Josiah S. Johnston narrowly defeated Jacksonian congressman Edward Livingston.

Louisiana (regular)

Maryland

Edward Lloyd won election over Ezekiel F. Chambers by a margin of 22.47%, or 20 votes, for the Class 3 seat.

Missouri

New Hampshire

New York

North Carolina

Ohio

Incumbent Democratic-Republican Jacksonian Ethan Allen Brown was elected in an 1822 special election following the death of William A. Trimble. He was defeated for reelection by William Henry Harrison, a former congressman and war hero, who was an Anti-Jacksonian.

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island (special)

South Carolina

Tennessee (special)

Vermont

Virginia (special)

See also 1824 United States elections 1824–25 United States House of Representatives elections 18th United States Congress 19th United States Congress

Notes

References

Party Division in the Senate, 1889-Present, via Senate.gov