Shmelyov or Shmelev () is a surname. It is derived from the sobriquet "шмель" ("Bumblebee"). Notable people with the surname include:
Daria Shmeleva (born 1994), Russian track cyclist Darya Shmeleva (born 1976), Russian swimmer Ivan Shmelyov (1873–1950), Russian émigré writer Stanislav Edward Shmelev, ecological economist affiliated with the International Society for Ecological Economics Vladimir Shmelyov (1946–2023), Soviet modern pentathlete and Olympic Champion