James Elphinstone may refer to:
James Elphinstone, 1st Lord Balmerino (1553?–1612), Scottish nobleman and politician, disgraced in 1609 James Elphinstone, 18th Lord Elphinstone, British nobleman, farmer, and financier James Elphinstone Roe (1818–1897), convict transported to Western Australia James Dalrymple-Horn-Elphinstone (1805–1886), British Conservative Party politician Sir James Elphinstone, 1st Baronet (c. 1645–1722), of the Elphinstone baronets Sir James Elphinstone, 3rd Baronet (c. 1710–1739), of the Elphinstone baronets
See also James Elphinston (1721–1809), Scottish educator, orthographer, phonologist, and linguistics expert