Chester is a surname of English origin. Its Romance (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, and Galician) equivalent is Castro.

Notable people with the surname include:

Albert Chester (1886–1943), English footballer Art Chester (1899–1949), American air racer Beverly Chester-Burton (born 1963), American politician Bob Chester (1908–1977), American jazz and pop music bandleader and tenor saxophonist. Charlie Chester (1914–1997), British stand-up comedian Craig Chester (born 1965), American actor and screenwriter Darren Chester (born 1967), Australian politician Elroy Chester (1969–2013), American murderer Felicia Chester (born 1988), American basketball player Frank Chester (politician) (1901–1966), Canadian politician Frank Chester (umpire) (1895–1957), English first-class cricketer and notable international cricket umpire Gary Chester (1924–1987), American session drummer and drum teacher George Randolph Chester (1869–1924), American writer and screenwriter F. G. L. Chester (1899–1946), also known as Gort Chester, British soldier and member of Z Special Unit in Borneo Harry Chester (1806–1868), British civil servant Ilan Chester (born 1952), Venezuelan singer, keyboardist, arranger and composer; he was born in Israel as Ilan Czenstochowski James Chester (born 1989), Welsh footballer who plays for Hull City John Chester (disambiguation), several people Joseph Lemuel Chester (1821–1882), American genealogist Nicola Chester, British nature writer Norman Chester (1907–86), British political economist associated with Nuffield College, Oxford Peter Chester, English convicted murderer and paedophile Peter Chester (governor) (1720–1799), last governor of the British territory of West Florida Raymond Chester (born 1948), retired American football tight end Robert Chester (disambiguation) William Chester (disambiguation)