The Mexican state of Nuevo León has been governed by more than a hundred individuals in its history, who have had various titles and degrees of responsibility depending on the prevailing political regime of the time.
Under the current regime, executive power rests in a governor, who is directly elected by the citizens, using a secret ballot, to a six-year term with no possibility of reelection. The position is open only to a Mexican citizen by birth, at least 30 years old with at least five years of residency in Nuevo León.
The governor's term begins on October 4 and finishes six years later on October 3. Elections occur 3 years before/after presidential elections.
Gubernatorial elections and term of office
Qualifications Article 118 of the Constitution of Nuevo León sets qualifications for candidates for governor of Nuevo León:
Must be a Mexican citizen by birth, in full exercise of rights. Must be native to Nuevo León or have at least five years of prior residence. Must be at least 30 years old on election day. Cannot belong to the clergy or be a minister of any religion. Military members must have left active service at least six months before the election. Certain public officials (secretaries, legislators, magistrates, councilors, prosecutors, mayors) are ineligible unless they resign or take a leave of absence at least 100 days before the election.
Election Governors of Nuevo León are elected by plurality vote to a single six-year term, with no possibility of reelection. The governor takes office on 4 October of the election year, with elections held three years before or after the corresponding presidential election.
Recall Article 60 of the Constitution of Nuevo León establishes the mechanism for a recall election of the governor, which is organized by the State Electoral Institute upon citizen request. A recall may be initiated once during the three months following the governor's third year in office, provided it is supported by at least ten percent of registered voters across a majority of municipalities. For the result to be binding, turnout must reach at least forty percent of the electorate, with removal requiring an absolute majority of votes cast. In the event of removal, the President of the Congress of Nuevo León serves provisionally as governor until the legislature appoints a successor.
List of governors
Nuevo Reino de León Luis de Carvajal y de la Cueva, 1580–1588 Diego de Montemayor, 1588–1610 Diego de Montemayor (el mozo), 1610–1611 Diego Rodríguez, 1612–1614 Agustín de Zavala, 1614–1625
Martín de Zavala, 1625–1664 León de Alza, 1665–1667 Nicolás de Azcárraga, 1667–1676 Domingo de Prudena, 1676–1681 Blas de la Garza y Falcón, 1681 Domingo de Videgaray y Zarza, 1681 Francisco de la Calancha y Valenzuela, 1681 Blas de la Garza Falcón, 1681 Juan de Echeverría, 1681–1682 Diego de Villarreal, 1682–1683 Alonso de León, 1683–1684 Antonio de Echevérez y Subiza, 1684–1687 Francisco Cuervo y Valdés, 1687–1688 Pedro Fernández de la Ventosa, 1688–1693 Juan Pérez de Merino, 1693–1698 Juan Francisco de Vergara y Mendoza 1698–1703 Francisco Báez Treviño, 1703–1705 Gregorio de Salinas Varona, 1705–1707 Cipriano García de Pruneda, 1707–1708 Luis García de Pruneda 1708–1710 Francisco Mier y Torre, 1710–1714 Francisco Báez Treviño 1714–1718 Juan Ignacio Flores Mogollon 1718 Francisco de Barbadillo y Vitoria, 1719–1723 Juan José de Arriaga y Brambila, 1723–1725 Pedro de Sarabia Cortés, 1725–1729 Bernardino de Meneses Monroy y Mendoza, 1730–1731 Juan Antonio Fernández de Jáuregui y Urrutia, 1731–1740 Pedro del Barrio Junco y Espriella, 1740–1746 Vicente Bueno de Borbolla, 1746–1751 Pedro del Barrio Junco y Espriella, 1752–1757 Juan Manuel Muñoz de Villavicencio, 1757–1762 Carlos de Velasco, 1762–1764 Ignacio Ussel y Guimbarda, 1764–1772 Francisco de Echegaray, 1772–1773 Melchor Vidal de Lorca y Villena, 1773 Vicente González de Santianes, 1773–1788 Manuel Bahamonde y Villamil, 1788–1795 Simón de Herrera y Leyva, 1795–1810 Manuel de Santa María, 1810–1811 José Santiago Villarreal, 1811 Blas José Gómez de Castro, 1811–1813 Ramón Díaz Bustamante, 1813 José Antonio Mujica, 1814 Froilán de Mier y Noguera, 1815 Francisco Bruno Barreda, 1816 and 1818–1821 Bernardo Villamil, 1817–1818
Independent Mexico
Juan de Echandía 1822 Francisco de Mier y Noriega, 1823 José Antonio Rodríguez, 1824 José María Parás, 1825–1827 Manuel Gómez Castro, 1827–1829 Joaquín García, 1829–1833 Manuel Gómez Castro, 1833 Manuel María de Llano, 1833–1834 Juan Nepomuceno de la Garza y Evía, 1835–1837 Joaquín García, 1837–1839 Manuel María de Llano, 1839–1845 José María Ortega, 1841 Juan Nepomuceno de la Garza y Evía, 1845–1846 Pedro de Ampudia, 1846 José María Parás, 1848–1850 Pedro de Ampudia, 1853–1854 Pedro José García, 1850–1851 Agapito García Dávila, 1851–1853 Mariano Morret, 1854 Jerónimo Cardona, 1854–1855 Santiago Vidaurri, 1855–1859 José Silvestre Aramberri, 1859 Santiago Vidaurri, 1860–1864
French intervention
Jesús María Benítez y Pinillos, 1864 Mariano Escobedo, 1865 Simón de la Garza Melo, 1865 Mariano Escobedo, 1866 Manuel Z. Gómez, 1866–1867
Restored Republic
Jerónimo Treviño, 1867–1869 Simón de la Garza Melo, 1869 Lázaro Garza Ayala, 1869 José Eleuterio González, 1870 Jerónimo Treviño; 1871, 1877 and 1913 Genaro Garza García, 1871 Lázaro Garza Ayala, 1872 Narciso Dávila, 1872 José Eleuterio González, 1872–1873 Ramón Treviño, 1873 José Eleuterio González, 1874 Ramón Treviño, 1874 Francisco González Doria, 1874 Carlos Fuero, 1875–1876 Narciso Dávila, 1876 Canuto García, 1876 Genaro Garza García 1876
Porfiriato
Genaro Garza García, 1877–1879 Viviano L. Villareal, 1879–1881 Genaro Garza García, 1881–1883 Canuto García, 1883–1885 Genaro Garza García, 1885 Bernardo Reyes; 1885–1887, 1889–1900, and 1903–1909 Lázaro Garza Ayala, 1887–1889 Pedro Benítez Leal, 1900–1902 José María Mier, 1909–1910
Mexican Revolution
Leobardo Chapa, 1910–1911 Viviano L. Villarreal, 1911–1913 Salomé Botello, 1913–1914 Antonio de la Paz Guerra, 1914 Antonio Villarreal, 1914–1915 Rafael Cepeda de la Fuente, 1915 Felipe Ángeles, 1915 Raúl Madero, 1915 Ildefonso V. Vázquez, 1915 Pablo A. de la Garza, 1915 and 1916 Diódoro de la Garza, 1916 Alfredo Recaut, 1917
Governor Term in office Election PartyNicéforo Zambrano–3 October 19191917José E. Santos–13 May 19201919Porfirio G. González–5 February 1921Juan M. García–4 April 19221921Ramiro Tamez–3 October 1923Alfredo Pérez Garza1923Anastasio Treviño Martínez–25 December 1923Porfirio G. González–16 October 1925Jerónimo Siller–3 October 1927
Modern Nuevo León (1927–present) Governor Term in office Election PartyAarón Sáenz Garza–27 March 19281927José Benítez Martínez–14 August 1928Aarón Sáenz Garza–6 November 1928— José Benítez Martínez–25 March 1929Aarón Sáenz Garza–26 April 1929—National Revolutionary PartyPlutarco Elías Calles Chacón–2 June 1929National Revolutionary PartyGeneroso Chapa Garza–12 June 1929National Revolutionary PartyAarón Sáenz Garza–3 February 1930—National Revolutionary PartyJosé Benítez Martínez–12 September 1931National Revolutionary PartyAarón Sáenz Garza–3 October 1931—National Revolutionary Party–27 December 19331931National Revolutionary PartyPablo Quiroga Treviño–3 October 1935National Revolutionary PartyGregorio Morales Sánchez–1 May 1936National Revolutionary PartyAnacleto Guerrero Guajardo–3 October 19391936National Revolutionary PartyBonifacio Salinas Leal–3 October 19431939Party of the Mexican RevolutionArturo B. de la Garza–3 October 19491943Party of the Mexican RevolutionIgnacio Morones Prieto–1 December 19521949Institutional Revolutionary PartyJosé S. Vivanco–3 October 1955Institutional Revolutionary PartyRaúl Rangel Frías–3 October 19611955Institutional Revolutionary PartyEduardo Livas Villarreal–3 October 19671961Institutional Revolutionary PartyEduardo Ángel Elizondo Lozano–5 June 19711967Institutional Revolutionary PartyLuis M. Farías–31 July 1973Institutional Revolutionary PartyPedro Zorrilla Martínez–31 July 19791973Institutional Revolutionary PartyAlfonso Martínez Domínguez–31 July 19851979Institutional Revolutionary PartyJorge Alonso Treviño–31 July 19911985Institutional Revolutionary Party Sócrates Rizzo García–17 April 19961991Institutional Revolutionary PartyBenjamín Clariond–3 October 1997Institutional Revolutionary PartyFernando Canales Clariond –13 January 20031997National Action PartyFernando Elizondo Barragán –3 October 2003National Action PartyJosé Natividad González Parás –3 October 20092003Institutional Revolutionary PartyRodrigo Medina de la Cruz –3 October 20152009Institutional Revolutionary PartyJaime Rodríguez Calderón –31 December 20172015IndependentManuel Florentino González Flores –2 July 2018IndependentJaime Rodríguez Calderón –3 October 2021—IndependentSamuel García –1 December 20232021Citizens' Movement Luis Enrique Orozco –4 December 2023IndependentSamuel García –Incumbent—Citizens' Movement
Notes
References
Sources This article originated as a translation of the corresponding article in the Spanish-language Wikipedia. That, in turn, gives the following sources: La Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México: Nuevo León Israel Cavazos: Breve historia de Nuevo León
External links Constitution of Nuevo León