Elections to the United States House of Representatives were held in Pennsylvania on October 13, 1812, for the 13th Congress.
Background In the previous election, 17 Democratic-Republicans and 1 Federalist had been elected to represent Pennsylvania.
Congressional districts Pennsylvania was divided at this time into 15 districts, 9 of which were single-member districts, five of which had two members, and one of which had four members. Following the 1810 census, Pennsylvania underwent redistricting. Most of the new districts had little correspondence to the former districts, for example, the old 3rd district was divided between the new 2nd, 3rd, and 7th districts. The 1st, 9th and 10th districts were unaltered, except for renumbering of the old 9th and 10th to 13th and 12th respectively, and the addition of a 4th seat to the 1st district. The (4 seats) consisted of Delaware and Philadelphia Counties (including the City of Philadelphia) The (2 seats) consisted of Chester and Montgomery Counties The (2 seats) consisted of Dauphin and Lancaster County, Pennsylvania The consisted of York County The (2 seats) consisted of Adams, Cumberland and Franklin Counties The (2 seats) consisted of Bucks, Lehigh, Northampton, and Wayne Counties The consisted of Berks and Schuylkill Counties The consisted of Bedford, Cambria, and Franklin Counties The consisted of Centre, Clearfield, Huntingdon, McKean, and Mifflin Counties The (2 seats) consisted of Bradford, Luzerne, Lycoming, Northumberland, Potter, Susquehanna, and Tioga Counties The consisted of Armstrong, Indiana, Jefferson, and Westmoreland Counties The consisted of Washington County The consisted of Fayette and Greene Counties The consisted of Allegheny and Butler Counties The consisted of Beaver, Crawford, Erie, Mercer, Venango and Warren Counties
Election results Sixteen incumbents (all Democratic-Republicans) ran for re-election, of whom 14 were re-elected. The incumbents James Milnor (F) of the and Joseph Lefever (DR) of the old did not run for re-election. The two incumbents who lost re-election lost to members of the same party, while six of the seven open seats were won by Democratic-Republicans, a net increase of 5 seats for the Democratic-Republicans and no change for the Federalists.
+1812 United States House election results District Democratic-Republican Federalist Unknown 4 seats Adam Seybert (I) 7,712 13.7% Joseph Hopkinson 6,421 11.4% William Anderson (I) 7,697 13.7% Joseph S. Lewis 6,420 11.4% Charles J. Ingersoll 7,685 13.6% Samuel Harvey 6,415 11.4% John Conard 7,637 13.5% William Pennock 6,393 11.3% 2 seats Roger Davis (I) 5,815 26.2% Samuel Henderson 5,298 23.8% Jonathan Roberts (I) 5,810 26.1% Francis Gardner 5,295 23.8% 2 seats James Whitehill 5,320 27.6% John Gloninger 5,030 26.1% Jacob Bucher 4,608 23.9% Amos SlaymakerElected in subsequent special election 4,329 22.4% Hugh Glasgow 2,098 58.6% Jacob Eichelberger 1,484 41.4% 2 seats Robert Whitehill (I) 4,864 27.5% Edward Crawford 4,054 22.9% William Crawford (I) 4,767 26.9% James Duncan 4,012 22.7% 2 seats Robert Brown (I) 5,949 30.5% William Rodman (IChanged parties) 3,744 19.2% Samuel D. Ingham 5,938 30.4% William Lattimore 3,575 18.3% Samuel Sitgreaves 328 1.7% John M. Hyneman (I) 2,652 59.4% Daniel Rose 1,810 40.6% William Piper (I) 2,033 63.5% Samuel Riddle 1,171 36.% David Bard (I) 3,779 76.0% John Blair 1,191 24.0% 2 seats Jared Irwin 3,526 23.4% Nathan Beach 1,303 8.6% Isaac Smith 3,346 22.2% Enoch Smith 1,301 8.6% George Smith (I) 2,831 18.8% Daniel Montgomery 2,765 18.3% William Findley (I) 2,024 55.3% Thomas Pollock 1,636 44.7% Aaron Lyle (I) 2,410 73.5% Joseph Pentecost 823 25.1% Thomas L. Burch 48 1.5% John Smilie (I) 1,550 60.4% Thomas Meason 1,017 39.6% Adamson Tannehill 1,419 48.0% John Woods 1,162 39.3% John Wilson 374 12.7% Abner Lacock 2,167 62.8% Roger Alden 855 24.8% Robert Moore 427 12.4%
Special elections
Special elections for the first session Three of the re-elected Representatives did not serve in the 13th Congress, two of whom did not finish their term in the 12th Congress either. John Smilie (DR), re-elected to the , died on December 30, 1812, and Abner Lacock (DR), re-elected to the , resigned February 24, 1813, after being elected to the Senate. Smilie was replaced by Isaac Griffin in a special election held February 16, 1813. The only record of that election is a manuscript which indicates he won by a 779-vote majority, but does not record the name(s) of his opponent(s) nor the total number of votes cast. Robert Whitehill (DR) of the died April 8, 1813. The election in the 5th district was held May 11, 1813, and in the 15th on May 4, 1813
+May, 1813 Special election results District Democratic-Republican Federalist Unknown John Rea 2,534 55.7% Edward Crawford 2,011 44.3% Election details from Ourcampaigns.com Thomas Wilson 690 78.9% Robert Morse 80 9.1% Patrick Farrelly 70 8.0% Others 35 4.0%
Neither seat changed political parties, and both took their seats at the beginning of the 1st session of the 13th Congress, which lasted May 24 - August 2, 1813
Special elections for the 2nd session John Gloninger (F) of the and John M. Hyneman (DR) of the both resigned August 2, 1813, at the end of the 1st session. They were replaced in special elections held on October 12, 1813 +October 12, 1813, special election results District Democratic-Republican Federalist Unknown Edward Crouch 4,550 62.0% William Wallace 2,790 38.0% Daniel Udree 2,016 61.4% David Hottenstein 825 25.1% David Kirby 445 13.5%
Both took their seats December 6, 1813, at the start of the 2nd session. With Crouch's victory in the 3rd district, the sole Federalist-held seat in Pennsylvania changed to Democratic-Republican control, thus Pennsylvania's delegation was completely Democratic-Republican during the 2nd session, which lasted December 6, 1813 - April 18, 1814
Special elections for the third session Jonathan Roberts (DR) of the resigned February 24, 1814, upon being elected to the Senate and James Whitehill (DR) of the resigned September 1, 1814. Both were replaced in a special election held October 11, 1814, the same day as the 1814 congressional elections. +1814 Special election results District Democratic-Republican Federalist Election details from Ourcampaigns.com John Hahn 4,702 49.6% Samuel Henderson 4,773 50.4% John Whiteside 2,428 44.1% Amos Slaymaker 3,078 55.9%
Both seats changed from Democratic-Republican to Federalist control, so that for the 3rd session, Pennsylvania's delegation was 21 Democratic-Republicans and 2 Federalists.
References Electoral data and information on districts are from the Wilkes University Elections Statistics Project