Ábalos () is a municipality in the autonomous region of La Rioja, Spain. Located in Rioja Alta, on the left bank of the river Ebro, near Haro. It is bounded on the north by the Toloño mountains, on the south by San Asensio and Baños de Ebro, on the east by Samaniego and Villabuena de Álava, and to the west by San Vicente de la Sonsierra.
History In the Albeldense Chronicle the famous expedition conducted by Alfonso I, king of Asturias along the banks of the Ebro in 740 is mentioned. At that time, Ábalos was a part, as most of the mainland, of the Muslim kingdom of Córdoba. This account refers to the destroyed towns: Mirandam (now Miranda de Ebro), Revendecam, Carbonariam, Abeicam (Ábalos, from where he crossed the Ebro), Brunes (could be Briones but this is uncertain), Cinissariam (now Cenicero) and Alesanco. Control of the area then returned to Muslim hands until its final conquest in the late ninth and early tenth century.
In the eleventh and twelfth centuries the village is mentioned several times in the documents of the San Millán Monastery. Among them, as recorded by the Bishop Sandoval, the donation of the church of San Felix to the Monastery of San Millán, made by Gonzalo Núñez de Lara and his wife Goto Núñez in 1084.
In the fifteenth century it is known that Ábalos was village of San Vicente de la Sonsierra, whose lordship boasted different personages: Pedro Velasco, Pedro Girón, Juliana Aragón, Bernardino Velasco, etc. always due to numerous setbacks such as donations of gratitude, direct sales or inheritance.
In 1397 Charles III of Navarre granted Rui Lopez de Dábalos the town with all its land and royal rights except the sovereignty and appeal to the court of the King.
Ábalos was a village of San Vicente de la Sonsierra, whose lordship was donated by John II of Navarre in 1430 to General Pedro Fernandez de Velasco II, the property then going on to be supervised by different lineages, either through donations, wills, acknowledgments or sale, including Pedro Girón, Juliana Aragón, Bernardino Fernandez de Velasco until it fell on Juan Hurtado de Velasco, Count of Castilnovo, who authorized on July 5, 1653 the separation of the town of San Vicente, on payment of 449,800 maravedis.
Ábalos, however, continued to belong to the Lordship of San Vicente until 1727, when, as a result of debts incurred by the Counts of Castilnovo, gentlemen of the time, the estate was put on auction by the Tribunal of the Inquisition of Logrono, being awarded to the neighbors who bid up to 53,500 maravedis. Since then Ábalos is an independent town.
Later, Francisco Fernández de Navarrete Ramírez de la Piscina (born in Ábalos on September 28, 1728) - son of Martín Fernández de Navarrete y de Zárate (Navarrete, b. March 15, 1684- Ábalos).Archivo Histórico de la Nobleza. Ministerio de Cultura. ARCHIVO MARQUESES DE XIMÉNEZ DE TEJADA. Partida Bautismal de Juan Francisco Fernández de Navarrete y de Zárate. 1687. [Historical Archive of the Nobility of Spain. Culture Ministry. ARCHIVE MARQUISES OF XIMÉNEZ DE TEJADA. Baptismal Certificate of Juan Francisco Fernández de Navarrete y de Zárate. 1687.], knight of the Order de Calatrava since 1703 owner of the Ábalos Palace - he married María Catalina Ximénez de Tejada y Argaiz (born in Funes, Navarra, b. November 28, 1734- Ábalos 1792), niece of the Prince of Malta and Gozo, and LXIX Grand Master of the Sovereign Order of Malta, Francisco Ximénez de Tejada y Eslava (Funes b. September 13, 1703 - Malta, December 1775),Archivo Histórico de la Nobleza. Ministerio de Cultura. ARCHIVO MARQUESES DE XIMÉNEZ DE TEJADA. Expediente de Ingreso en la Soberana y Militar Orden de Malta de Gonzalo Fernández de Navarrete González-Valerio. 3er Hijo de los marqueses de Ximénez de Tejada. 2019. [Historical Archive of the Nobility of Spain. Culture Ministry. ARCHIVE MARQUISES OF XIMÉNEZ DE TEJADA. Record of Admission to the Sovereign and Military Order of Malta of Gonzalo Fernández de Navarrete González-Valerio. 3rd Son of the Marquises of Ximénez de Tejada. 2019.] daughter of the I Marquis of Ximénez de Tejada, sister of the II Marquis of Ximénez de Tejada
Two of the couple's children:
Antonio Fernández de Navarrete y Ximénez de Tejada (Ábalos, June 6, 1759 - Ábalos, April 30, 1830). One of the fathers of "provincialism of La Rioja". Author of "Speech on the necessity, validity and advantages that would result to La Rioja and the State, in its establishment as a Political Province of the Monarchy and Independent of the others."The original title in Spanish is "Discurso Sobre la necesidad, validez y ventajas que resultarían a La Rioja y al Estado, en su erección a Provincia Política de la Monarquía e Independiente de los demás." (1813) (1813). Member of the "Ábalos". Heir to the Line of Succession of the Marquisate of Ximénez de Tejada. (V),According to pages 548-556 of 'Genealogical History of the Titles Rehabilitated during the reign of Don Alfonso XIII. Volume IX. Zabala Menéndez, M. Ediciones San Martín. Logroño. 2010. ' Martín Fernández de Navarrete y Ximénez de Tejada (Ábalos, November 8, 1765-Madrid, October 8, 1844), Senator, Director of the Royal Academy of History of Spain (1825-1844), Grand Cross of the American Order by Ysabel the Catholic. Commander of the Legion of Honor of France. Knight of the Sovereign and Military Order of Malta. State Councilor. Born member of the Admiralty Board, officer of the Spanish Navy, Spanish writer and historian,
They were members of the Royal Economic Society of the Rioja Castellana.
For this reason, in 1790 Ábalos was one of the founding municipalities of the Royal Economic Society of La Rioja, which was one of the societies of noblemen of the country founded in the 18th century in accordance with the ideals of the Enlightenment.
Both brothers, Antonio and Martín Fernández de Navarrete and Ximénez de Tejada, were very important in the founding of La Rioja as an independent province when the provincial division was carried out in the 19th century. Until the creation of the province of "Logroño" was consolidated in a long process - this is what the Rioja Castellana would initially be called until it recovered its name when the province of Logroño was transformed into an Autonomous Community in 1982 - the territory that the Community occupies today Autonomous Region of La Rioja was divided between the provinces of Burgos and Soria.
Abolos > Avolos (alpha, beta, omicron, lambda, omicron, sigma) means "awkward" in Greek, may have some connection as Greeks did found the ancient Greek city of Emborio is Spain. Also Bolikos >Volikos (beta, omicron, lambda, iota, kappa, omicron, sigma) is the antonym.
Demography
As of 1 January 2010 the population was 369 inhabitants, 231 men and 138 women.
+ Municipal entities Population nucleus Type of population entity Smaller entities Population Ábalos Villa 369 ÁBALOS 369
Etymology In an 1199 bull, through which privileges were granted to the San Millán de la Cogolla monastery, the name Dáualos appeared. This name, according to Ortiz Trifol,Ortiz Trifol, 1982, 27. was related to Abalasqueta, the Basque, or rather it was the accusative plural of the anthroponym of the second declension of Abaris, perhaps taking into account the identification between the Varduli city of Thabuca and Avalos, indicates .Tovar, 1989, 414. Most likely it is related to the anthroponym, which would suggest an "Avalos or Davalos" village.
Politics In 2007, the Popular Party (PP) claimed victory in the municipal elections of the Abalos City council winning four seats to the Spanish Socialist Workers Party (PSOE)'s three.
Up to that time, the city government had fallen into the hands of the Socialists, who have always had three or four councillors since 1979. The Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain) (UCD) or independent candidates got some councillors in different elections, while the PP, meanwhile, did not contest the elections between 1979 and 1991.
Tourism
Buildings and monuments
St. Stephen Protomartyr Parish Church
The Iglesia Parroquial de San Esteban Protomártir (: St. Stephen Protomartyr Parish Church) was declared an asset of Cultural Interest in the category of Monument on September 28, 1983. Its flamboyant gothic style was built in the sixteenth century. It has a single nave divided into three sections and a crown. The tower is baroque, built between 1735 and 1740. The altarpiece, located in the presbytery, dates back to the mid sixteenth century and is attributed to the workshop of the Beaugrant family.
Other items of note are: The tomb of Francisco Antonio Ramirez de la Piscina, Baroque from the first half of the eighteenth century. Pantheon of the "Fernández de Navarrete" family, with its characteristic coat of arms carved in stone with the Royal Crown of the Royal House of the Kingdom of Navarre from which its members descend, and crosses of the military orders of Calatrava and Santiago. Buried in the Pantheon is Martín Fernández de Navarrete y Ximénez de Tejada (Ábalos, November 8, 1765-Madrid, October 8, 1844), Senator, Director of the Royal Academy of History of Spain (1825-1844), Grand Cross of the American Order of Isabella the Catholic. Commander of the Legion of Honor of France. Knight of the Sovereign and Military Order of Malta. State Councilor. Born member of the Admiralty Board, officer of the Spanish Navy, Spanish writer and historian, one of the most relevant historical figures of the Spanish 18th and 19th centuries, born in Ábalos, as well as other prominent members of this family. of the Virgin of the Rose, sixteenth-century Gothic. Seating in the choir loft, the beginning of the same century.
Hermitages
The San Felices Hermitage The San Felices Hermitage is located in an open field to the northeast of Ábalos. It is Romanesque and it seems that the chapel is the only remnant of a monastery which, in the twelfth century, already belonged to San Millán. Built in ashlar stone, it has a triumphal arch and two portals. There are anthropomorphic graves nearby.
San Roque Hermitage
San Bartolomé Hermitage
La Virgen de la Rosa Hermitage
The Virrey de Nápoles house Popularly known by this name (: la casa del Virrey de Nápoles), alluding to the Viceroyalty of Naples.
The house of the Canton or of Ramírez de la Piscina Made of ashlar stone. It bears the shields of Ramirez de la Piscina and López de Ornillos.
Palace of the Marquises of Legarda Also known as the "Ramírez de la Piscina" palace or the "Fernández de Navarrete" palace, the Ábalos Palace has its origins in the lineage of Ramírez de la Piscina, whose shields are found on the main façade, all of which is made of ashlar stone. .
Since 1710 the palace became known as the "Fernández de Navarrete" Palace when Martín Fernández de Navarrete y de Zárate (Navarrete, b. March 15, 1684- Ábalos), knight of the Order of Calatrava since 1703, (grandson of Juan Francisco Fernández de Navarrete y de Ayala, born in Navarrete in 1631, knight of the Order of Santiago since 1665, "secretary [equivalent to "minister" in 21st-century terminology] of His Majesty, and official of the secretary of the universal office" of King Philip III of Spain, mayor of the noblemen of Navarrete. His father was Martín José Fernández de Navarrete y Ubago, born in Navarrete in 1655, knight of the Order of Santiago since 1671), married Catalina Ramírez de la Piscina López de Peciña in the Church of San Esteban Protomártir de Ábalos.
On December 28, 1798, in the cathedral of Santa María de Vitoria, Antonio Fernández de Navarrete y Ximénez de Tejada (Ábalos, June 6, 1759 - Ábalos, April 30, 1830), married María de Esquivel y Navarrete, (baptized in the Cathedral of Santa María de Vitoria on February 2, 1778), "daughter of Don Ignacio de Esquivel y Peralta, V Marquis of Legarda", a title that would end up giving its name to the building.