List of executioners

This is a list of people who have acted as official executioners.

Europe Austria Hall in Tirol Lienhart von Grätz 1497–1504 Stefan Ruef 1503–1525 Hans Schaider 1525–1528 Heinrich Käser 1525 Johann Frey 1528–1571 Melchior Frey 1572–1578 Christof Tollinger 1578–1584 Michael Fürst 1584–1606 Sebastian Oberstetter 1606–1608 Jakob Kienle 1608–1611 Jakob Vollmar 1611–1618 Hans Has 1618–1642 Heinrich Hödel 1642–1645 Othmar Krieger 1645–1671 Jakob Zäch 1671–1677 Andreas Leiner 1677–1693 Kaspar Pöltl 1693–1698 Sebastian Waldl 1699–1718 Marx Philipp Abrell 1718–1728 Johann Jakob Abrell 1728–1746 Josef Langmayr 1746 Bartholomeus Putzer 1747–1772 Johann Georg Putzer 1772–1786

Meran Hans Säbele 1488–1509 Martin Vogl 1510 Gilg von Rodem 1510–1515 Heinrich Reif 1515 and 1521–1522 Lorenz von Altsee 1515–1521 Heinrich Käser 1522–1525 Jakob Gatz 1524 Hans Schwingsmesser 1525–1536 Theodor Reichl 1572–1575 Johann Peter Vollmar 1552–1561 Klaus Seckler 1562 Melchior Frey 1563–1572 Mattheus Leonhard 1575–1601 Hans Fürst 1592 Georg Fürst ?–1621 Wolfgang Fürst 1605–1623 Wolfgang Helmschmied 1536–1552 Wolfgang Puechamer 1601–1605 Michael Pichler 1623–1631 Leonhard Oberdorfer 1632–1672 Johann Schlechuber 1672 Hans Schwarzhuber 1673–1675 Konrad Leonhard Krieger 1675–1679 Hans Jakob Müller 1679–1684 Franz Wagner 1684–1690 Jakob Fürst 1690–1694 Johann Georg Wacker 1694–1723 Johann Jakob Abrell 1723–1728 Johann Georg Kober 1728–1748 Martin Putzer 1748–1772 Bartholomeus Putzer 1772–1777 Franz Michael Putzer 1777–1787

Salzburg Franz Joseph Wohlmut 1757–1817/21 (deceased 1823)

Steyr Franz Wurm (hired for one execution in 1934)

Vienna Paul? ~1463 Jörg Carlhofer ~1486 Schrottenbacher family 1550–1802 Joachim Stein ~1618 ? Willenbacher ~1868 (Vienna-Meidling) Johann Hamberger ~1700 Johann Georg Hoffmann I. 1802–1827 Simon Abel 1827–1839 ? Seyfried 1829– Johann Georg Hoffmann II. 1839–1865 Johann Georg Hoffmann III. 1865–1874 Heinrich Willenbacher 1874–1894 Karl Sellinger 1895–1899 Josef Lang 1900–1918 Johann Lang 1933–1938

Belgium ? Ance ~1789 (Rochefort) Pierre Nieuwland before 1918 – before 1929 (never executed anyone)

Luxembourg Hans Gaspard Back 17th century

Norway Augustus Høcker1689–1721 Johan Heinrich Helmschläger1684–1760 August Lædel1733–1749 Anton Lædel1799–1833 Torbjørn Pedersen1828–1834 Samson Isberg 1841–1864 Theodor Larsen1864–

Papal States Giovanni Bugatti 1796–1865 Antonio Balducci 1865–1870

Poland Jakub Starbothka 1443 Biecz – Executioner in the Royal City of Biecz Jan Mueller−1793 Stefan Böhm 1793–1813 or before Maciejewski −1928 Jan Maciejewski−1932 Artur Braun1932 (no executions, fired the morning after his nomination for shooting around woefully drunk while celebrating his new "job") Piotr Śmietański 1948 or before 1951

Portugal Belchior Nunes Carrasco 15th century (from his last name appeared the Portuguese word carrasco meaning hangman)

Romania Ionel Boeruleader of the Nicolae and Elena Ceauşescu firing squad 25 December 1989 Dorin Cârlanmember of the Nicolae and Elena Ceauşescu firing squad 25 December 1989 Octavian Gheorghiumember of the Nicolae and Elena Ceauşescu firing squad 25 December 1989

Russia (USSR) Mikhail Rodionovich Matveev 1918–1923 / 1927–1937 or 1939 Vasili Blokhin 1926–1952 Dmitry Vladimirovitch Uspensky 1929 (or before) – 1931 (or after) Piotr Ivanovich Maggo 1931–1940 Ernst Ansovich Mach 1937– before 1948

Spain Audiencia de Madrid Francisco Ruiz Castellano 1879 (or before) – 1888 (or after) Francisco Zamora 1888 (or after) – 1897 Áureo Fernández Carrasco 1897–1916 Casimiro Municio Aldea 1915–1935 Cándido Cartón 1940–1949 (see also Audiencia de Sevilla 1936–1939) Antonio López Sierra 1949–1975

Audiencia de Barcelona Nicomedes Méndez López 1866–1912 Rogelio Pérez Cicario 1913–1924 Federico Muñoz Contreras 1924–1935 Vicente López Copete 1953–1974

Audiencia de Burgos Lorenzo Huertas 1885–1890 Gregorio Mayoral Sendino 1890–1928

Audiencia de Sevilla José Caballero Quintana active in 1906 Cándido Cartón 1936–1939 (see also Audiencia de Madrid 1940–1949) Bartolomé Casanueva Ramírez 1940–1948 Bernardo Sánchez Bascuñana 1949–1972 José Monero Renomo 1972–1977

Audiencia de Valladolid Florencio Fuentes Estébanez 1941 (or before) – 1953

Audiencia de Zaragoza Marcos? −1840 José González Irigoyen 1840–1896

Sweden Mikael Reissuer (Stockholm) 1635–1650 (nicknamed Mäster Mikael) Gabriel Alexandersson Meijer end 1600s – beginning 1700s Alexander Gabrielsson Meijer (Västmanland, Uppsala) 1721–1741 (son of Gabriel Alexandersson Meijer) Gabriel Meijer d.ä. (Örebro) 1741–1765 or before (son of Alexander Gabrielsson Meijer) Anders Persson Trafware 1702–1721 (Gävleborg) Lars Flink (Östergötland) active in 1719 Brun (Malmö) active in 1743 Carl Hjerpe (Göteborg) 1765–1784 Lars Hjerpe (Göteborg) 1784–1807 (son of Carl Hjerpe) Erik Lyckman (Kopparberg, Gävleborg, Västernorrland) before 1794–1798 Jonas Sandwall (Asarum) active in 1794 Niclas Öberg (Harbäcken, Strömsund) −1813 Hemming Sjögren (Sjöbo) 1816 or before – 1825 or after (himself executed?) Carl Magnus Lidman (Uppsala, Gävleborg, Västernorrland) active in 1822 Olof Olsson Häll (military and settlement executioner) 1827–1833 Carl Ludvig Nafström (Stockholm) 1832–1859) Styf (Hörsne, Gotland) −1854 (himself executed for murder 5 March 1845) Hans Carlsson (Blekinge, Skåne) −1838 Anders Pettersson (Blekinge, Skåne) 1838–1868 Magnus Jarl 1840 or before – 1861 or after Jacob Gyll (Västerbotten) active in 1851 Johannes Jansson (Göteborg) 1854 or before – 1857 or after Magnus Ferm (Örebro) active in 1858 Johan Fredrik Hjort (Stockholm) 1859–1882 Per Petter Christiansson Steineck (Jönköping/Vadstena) 1861–1887 Albert Gustaf Dahlman (also called Anders Gustaf Dahlman; originally in Stockholm, from 1901 for the entire country) 1885–1920

Switzerland Aargau Franz Josef Mengis carried out Canton (= State) of Aargau's last public execution 24 May 1854, in Lenzburg

Appenzell Innerrhoden Ulrich Styvater 1404-

Basel Bernhard Schlegel −1374 (murdered by theft victim Peter Agsten after the thief hanged got back to live) Claus von Offenburg 1393– or −1393 (?) Hans Körber 1424–1436 Hans Seckeler 1430–1445 Hans Krämer 1445–1448 (nicknamed "Gangkly") Hans Heyd 1448–1449 Ulrich von Eger 1449–1458 Ulrich von Honwile 1458–1467 or −1474 (?) Hans Schatz 1474–1476 Jakob Rennisfeld 1476–1488 Jakob Nydegger 1488–1497 Ulrich 1497–1509 Conrad von Horn 1509–1511 or −1516 (?) Hans Schenk 1516–1518 Gilg Beck 1518–1529 Jakob 1529–1537 Niklaus Rod 1537–1541 Jörg Volmar 1541 (himself decapitated for murder still in 1541) Niklaus Schnatz 1545–1546, 1552 (contract executioner from Berne) Pauli Fuerer 1559–1569 or – 1572 (?) Georg Käser 1572–1592 or −1612 (?) ? Iseli 1612–1633 Thomas Iseli 1633 Conrad von Hagen 1633–1635 Georg? 1635–1652 Paulus Stunzt 1652 (contracted executioner from Saint-Gall) Jakob Günther 1652–1692 Georg Friedrich Günther 1692–1714 or −1726 (?) Hans Jakob Günther 1692 ? von Hagen 1694–1695 or −1726 (?) Sebastian Näher 1726–1745 Friedrich Näher 1745–1758 or −1766 (?) Martin Mengis 1766–1804 Peter Mengis 1804–1838 Jacob Mengis 1838–1850 (contracted executioner from Aargau since Bâle chose to not have an own executioner after 1838.

Fribourg ? Deigentesch ~1716

Geneva François Tabazan before 1602 – before 1624 Jacob Mengis (from Aargau), 1861

Glarus ? Vollmer ~1782 see also Schwyz

Lucerne Baltzer Mengis ~1652 (also referred to as Balthasar Mengis)

Saint-Gall Vollmar family 1695– Johannes Bettenmann −1843 see also Schwyz

Schwyz Christoph Mengis −1651 Christoph II. Mengis 1651–1681 Johannes Mengis 1681–1695 Balthasar Mengis 1695–1723 Bernhard Mengis 1723- ? Mengis −1779 Johann Melchior Grossholz −1815 Augustin Grossholz 1815–1826 Joseph Pickel 1826–1829 Oswald Schlumpf 1829–1830 Johann Bettenmann 1855–1857 (also for Saint-Gall) Franz Xaver Schmid 1830–1855 (also for Zug and Glarus)

Thurgau Johann Näher 1797–1839

Uri Franz Josef Grossholz active in 1765 Nikolaus Grossholz active in 1833 Vinzenz Grossholz 1861–

Zug Franz Grossholz 1822– Arthur X. 25 August 1939 (official reference to the voluntary executioner of Paul Irniger, the "taxi killer of Baar"; born 16 September 1915, Arthur X. was given entrance at Burghölzli mental institution in Zürich because of paranoid schizophrenia 12 September 1947; September 1952 he was transferred to the Clinica Waldhaus mental institution in Chur where he deceased 26 January 1960) see also Schwyz

Zürich Cunrat Grossholz 1473– Paulus Volmar 1587– Hans Jakob Volmar Hans Jakob II. Volmar Johann Näher 1639–1650 (1623–1640 and again after 1650 in Lindau, Germany) Hans Jakob III. Volmar −1697 Hans Jakob IV. Volmar 1697- 1711 ? Vollmer 1820s

Federal Executioner for all Swiss Death Penalty Cantons

Theodor Mengis 1879–1918 Theodor Mengis Junior 1918–1958

United Kingdom