Ko of Parhae

Tae Choyŏng or Dae Joyoung/Dae Joyeong (), also rendered as Da Zuorong () in Chinese, was the first king of Parhae that reigned from 699 to 719.

He is more commonly known as King Ko/King Go () in Korea, and as King Gao () in China.

Life Early life Tae Choyŏng was the first son of general Tae Chungsang, who was also known as "Sarigŏlgŏljungsang ()" or "Taegŏlgŏljungsang ()".

Historical sources give different accounts of Tae Choyŏng's ethnicity and background. Among the official dynastic history works, the New Book of Tang refers to Tae Choyŏng and his state as Sumo Mohe (related to Jurchens and later Manchus) affiliated with Goguryeo.New Book of Tang, Chapter 219: Bohai. 渤海、本粟末靺鞨附高麗者、姓大氏。 The Old Book of Tang also states Tae's ethnic background as Mohe but adds that he was "高麗別種" (gaoli biezhong).Old Book of Tang, Original: 渤海靺鞨大祚榮者，本高麗別種也. Link The term is interpreted as meaning "a branch of the Goguryeo people" by South and North Korean historians, but as "distinct from Goguryeo" by Japanese and Chinese researchers. However, it is believed to be closer to the consensus made by the Koreans.

The Samguk yusa, a 13th-century collection of Korean history and legends, describes Tae as a Sumo Mohe leader. However, it gives another account of Tae being a former Goguryeo general, citing a now-lost Sillan record.Samguk yusa, Chapter 1, Section Mohe Bohai. 通典云，渤海，本栗未靺鞨。至其酋柞榮立國，自號震旦。 [...] 又新羅古記云，高麗舊將柞榮，姓大氏。 Alexander Kim considers this unlikely since Goguryeo fell in 668 while Tae died in 719, and young men could not receive the rank of general. Historian Richard McBride states that Tae was most likely an "ethnic Malgal/Mohe fully assimilated to Goguryeo culture, and thus able to rally support from both the remaining Goguryeo nobles and Malgal tribespeople."

King of Chin (Zhen) and Parhae The Tang killed Kŏlsa Piu, and Tae Chungsang also died. Tae Choyŏng integrated the armies of Goguryeo people and some Mohe (Malgal) tribes and resisted Tang attack. His victory over the Tang at the Battle of Tianmenling enabled him to expand his father's empire and claimed himself the King of Chin (Zhen) in 698.Kichan Bae, "Korea at the crossroads:the history and future of East Asia", Happyreading, 2007. p.83 He established his capital at Dongmo Mountain in the south of today's Jilin province, and built a fortress, which was to become Zhen (Chin) kingdom's capital.

He attempted to expand his influence in foreign politics involving the Tang/Wu Zhou, the Göktürks, the Khitan, SillaPatricia Ebrey, Anne Walthall, "Pre-Modern East Asia: A Cultural, Social, and Political History", Vol.I:to 1800, Cengage Learning, 2013. p.111 and some independent Mohe tribes. At first he dispatched an envoy to the Göktürks, allying against Tang/Wu Zhou. Then he reconciled himself with the Tang when Emperor Zhongzong was restored to the throne.

In 712, he renamed his empire Parhae. In 713, he was given the titular title of "Prince of Commandery of Bohai (Parhae)" (渤海郡王) by Emperor Xuanzong. After a period of rest within the empire, King Ko made it clear that Silla was not to be dealt with peacefully because they had allied with Tang to destroy Goguryeo, the predecessor of Parhae. This aggressive stance towards Silla was continued on by his son and successor King Mu of Parhae.

Tae Choyŏng died in 719, and his son Tae Muye assumed the throne.UNESCO Korean Committee, "Korean History:Discovery of its Characteristics and Developments", VOl.5, Hollym, 2004. p.158 Tae Choyŏng was given the posthumous name "King Ko."

Legacy

After the fall of Parhae, Tae Kwanghyŏn, the last prince led many of the Parhae aristocracy into the Korean state, thus unifying the two successor states of Goguryeo. Tae Choyŏng's descendants include modern-day Koreans who bear the surname Tae, or Dae.Lee Ki-baik. "The Society and Culture of Parhae." The New History of Korea, page 88-89. Harvard University Press, 1984.

In South Korea, a television drama on KBS1 was launched since September 2006 in his honor. Roughly 30% (based on 2007 survey) of the South Korean viewers enjoyed this program..

The third Chungmugong Yi Sun-sin class destroyer commissioned by the Republic of Korea Navy is named Tae Choyŏng."Korea celebrates ties with Oman" Times of Oman, 2014-10-29 KDX-II class destroyers are named after significant figures in Korean history such as admiral Yi Sun-sin.

The Chunbun Ancestral Rite is held annually in Parhae Village, North Gyeongsang Province in order to commemorate the achievements of Tae Choyŏng. The Gyeongsan City mayor participates in the event, which is open for public participation.

In popular culture Portrayed by Choi Soo-jong in the 2006–2007 KBS TV series Dae Jo-yeong.

Ko of Parhae

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