Xenisthmus is the most well-known genus in the family Xenisthmidae, which is regarded as a synonymous with the Eleotridae, a part of Gobiiformes. These small to very small fish are known as wrigglers, and live in reefs and among rubble in the Indo-Pacific.
Species Xenisthmus contains the following species:
Xenisthmus africanus J. L. B. Smith, 1958 – flathead wriggler or African wriggler Xenisthmus balius A. C. Gill & Randall, 1994 – freckled wriggler Xenisthmus chapmani (Schultz, 1966) Xenisthmus chi Gill & Hoese, 2004 – chi wriggler Xenisthmus clarus (Jordan & Seale, 1906) – clear wriggler Xenisthmus eirospilus Gill & Hoese, 2004 – spotted wriggler Xenisthmus oligoporus Gill, Bogorodsky & Mal, 2017 Xenisthmus polyzonatus (Klunzinger, 1871) – bullseye wriggler or polyzonate wriggler Xenisthmus semicinctus Gill & Hoese, 2004
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