The non-marine mollusks of Montana — a part of the molluscan fauna of the state in the Northwestern United States. The non-marine mollusks of Montana consist of land snails and slugs as well as freshwater snails, freshwater mussels and freshwater clams.
Species A number of species of non-marine molluscs are found in the wild in Montana.
Gastropods There at least 155 species of gastropods found in Montana. Some of these species are exotics (not native to Montana)Exotic species have been deliberately or accidentally introduced to areas outside of their native geographic range and are able to reproduce and maintain sustainable populations in these areas. These exotic populations may also be referred to as alien, introduced, invasive, non-native, or non-indigenous. and some species have been designated as Species of Concern.Species of Concern are native taxa that are at-risk due to declining population trends, threats to their habitats, restricted distribution, and/or other factors. Designation as a Montana Species of Concern or Species of Concern is based on the Montana Status Rank, and is not a statutory or regulatory classification. Rather, these designations provide information that helps resource managers make proactive decisions regarding species conservation and data collection priorities.
Freshwater bivalves There are at least 42 species of freshwater bivalves known in Montana. The Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks has identified a number of bivalve species as Species of Concern.Species of Concern are native taxa that are at-risk due to declining population trends, threats to their habitats, restricted distribution, and/or other factors. Designation as a Montana Species of Concern or Potential Species of Concern is based on the Montana Status Rank, and is not a statutory or regulatory classification. Rather, these designations provide information that helps resource managers make proactive decisions regarding species conservation and data collection priorities. See the latest Species of Concern Reports for more detailed explanations and assessment criteria.
List of non-marine molluscs + Summary table of number of species: Numbers of molluscs by habitat Number of species Freshwater gastropods ?? Land gastropods ?? Total number of non-marine gastropods 155 Freshwater bivalves 42 Total number of non-marine molluscs 197
Freshwater gastropods Freshwater gastropods in Montana include:
Bithyniidae Bithynia tentaculata (mud bithynia)
Thiaridae Melanoides tuberculata (red-rimmed melania)
Valvatidae Valvata lewisi (fringed valvata) Valvata humeralis Valvata sincera (mossy valvata) Valvata tricarinata (three-ridge valvata)
Hydrobiidae Pyrgulopsis bedfordensis Fluminicola fuscus (ashy pebblesnail) Probythinella emarginata Potamopyrgus antipodarum (New Zealand mud snail) Colligyrus greggi Amnicola limosus (mud amnicola) an undescribed species of Amnicola, currently known as "lake amnicola" or "Amnicola sp. 1"
Acroloxidae Acroloxus coloradensis (Rocky Mountain capshell)
Lymnaeidae Ladislavella apicina Radix auricularia (big-ear radix) Galba dalli Ladislavella elrodi Galba obrussa Ladislavella elrodiana Galba humilis Ladislavella elodes (marsh pondsnail) Pseudosuccinea columella (American ribbed fluke snail) Walterigalba montanensis Galba bulimoides (prairie fossaria) Galba parva Galba modicella (rock fossaria) Fisherola nuttalli Lymnaea stagnalis (great palm snail) Ladislavella traski Ladislavella catascopium Hinkleyia caperata (wrinkled marshsnail)
Physidae Physella vinosa (banded physa) Physa skinneri (glass physa) Sibirenauta elongata Physa megalochlamys (cloaked physa) Beringophysa jennessi Physella acuta (pewter physa) Physella virgata Physella propinqua (Rocky Mountain physa) Physella columbiana (rotund physa) Physella gyrina (tadpole physa) Physella lordi (twisted physa) Physella zionis (wet rock physa)
Planorbidae Gyraulus parvus (ash gyro) Menetus opercularis Gyraulus circumstriatus (disk gyro) Planorbella pilsbryi Gyraulus deflectus (flexed gyro) Planorbella trivolvis Planorbula campestris Planorbella subcrenata Promenetus exacuous Promenetus exacuous megas Armiger crista (nautilus ramshorn) Planorbula armigera Helisoma anceps (two-ridge rams-horn) Promenetus umbilicatellus Ferrissia rivularis (creeping ancylid) Ferrissia fragilis (fragile ancylid) Ferrissia parallelus (oblong ancylid)
Land gastropods Land gastropods in Montana include:
Succineidae Catinella rehderi Catinella vermeta Oxyloma decampi Oxyloma gouldi (Marshall ambersnail) Oxyloma haydeni Oxyloma missoula (ninepipes ambersnail) Oxyloma nuttallianum (oblique ambersnail) Oxyloma retusum (blunt ambersnail) Succinea grosvenori (Santa Rita ambersnail)
Arionidae Arion ater (black slug) Arion ater rufus (red slug) Arion circumscriptus (brown-banded arion) Arion distinctus (darkface arion) Arion fasciatus (orange-banded arion) Arion intermedius (hedgehog slug) Arion subfuscus (dusky arion) Hemphillia camelus Hemphillia danielsi (marbled jumping-slug) Kootenaia burkei Magnipelta mycophaga Prophysaon andersonii (reticulate taildropper) Prophysaon humile (smoky taildropper) Udosarx lyrata Udosarx lyrata lyrata Udosarx lyrata russelli Zacoleus idahoensis
Megomphicidae Polygyrella polygyrella
Vertiginidae Columella columella Columella edentula (toothless column snail) Gastrocopta armifera (armed snaggletooth) Gastrocopta holzingeri Gastrocopta pentodon (comb snaggletooth) Vertigo binneyana Vertigo concinnula Vertigo cristata Vertigo elatior Vertigo gouldii (variable vertigo) Vertigo modesta (cross vertigo) Vertigo ovata (ovate vertigo)
Pupillidae Pupilla blandii (Rocky Mountain column) Pupilla hebes (crestless column) Pupilla muscorum (widespread column) Pupilla syngenes (top-heavy column)
Discidae Anguispira kochi (banded tigersnail) Discus whitneyi (forest disc) Discus brunsoni (lake disc) Discus shimekii (striate disc)
Limacidae Limax maximus (leopard slug)
Agriolimacidae Deroceras laeve (marsh slug) Deroceras panormitanum Deroceras reticulatum (grey field slug)
Oxychilidae Nesovitrea binneyana (blue glass snail) Nesovitrea electrina Oxychilus alliarius (garlic snail) Oxychilus draparnaudi (Draparnaud's glass snail)
Gastrodontidae Striatura pugetensis Zonitoides arboreus (quick gloss snail) Zonitoides nitidus (black gloss)
Pristilomatidae Hawaiia minuscula (minute gem snail) Pristiloma arcticum Pristiloma chersinella Pristiloma wascoense
Vitrinidae Vitrina pellucida
Euconulidae Euconulus fulvus
Haplotrematidae Haplotrema vancouverense (robust lancetooth)
Oreohelicidae Oreohelix alpina (subalpine mountainsnail) Oreohelix amariradix (Bitter Root mountainsnail) Oreohelix carinifera (keeled mountainsnail) Oreohelix elrodi (carinate mountainsnail) Oreohelix haydeni (lyrate mountainsnail) Oreohelix pygmaea (pygmy mountainsnail) Oreohelix strigosa (rocky mountainsnail) Oreohelix strigosa berryi Oreohelix strigosa depressa Oreohelix subrudis (subalpine mountainsnail) Oreohelix yavapai (Yapavai mountainsnail) Oreohelix yavapai mariae
Polygyridae Allogona ptychophora (Idaho forestsnail) Cryptomastix mullani (Coeur d'Alene Oregonian snail) Cryptomastix sanburni
Cochlicopidae Cochlicopa lubrica
Charopidae Radiodiscus abietum
Punctidae Paralaoma servilis Punctum randolphii Punctum californicum Punctum minutissimum
Thysanophoridae Microphysula ingersolli
Valloniidae Vallonia albula Vallonia costata Vallonia cyclophorella (silky vallonia) Vallonia gracilicosta (multirib vallonia) Vallonia perspectiva (thin lip vallonia) Vallonia pulchella (lovely vallonia) Zoogenetes harpa (boreal top)
Freshwater bivalves Freshwater bivalves in Montana include:
Margaritiferidae Margaritifera falcata (western pearlshell)
Unionidae Lampsilis siliquoidea (fatmucket) Lasmigona complanata (white heelsplitter) Ligumia recta (black sandshell) Pyganodon grandis (giant floater) Quadrula quadrula (mapleleaf)
Sphaeriidae Conventus conventus (arctic-alpine pea clam) Euglesa casertanum (pea cockle) Euglesa lilljeborgii Musculium partumeium Musculium securis Pisidium adamsi Pisidium arbortivum Pisidium compressum Pisidium fallax Pisidium ferrugineum Pisidium idahoense Pisidium imbecille Pisidium insigne Pisidium milium Pisidium nitidum (shining pea clam) Pisidium obtusale Pisidium ovum Pisidium roperi Pisidium rotundatum Pisidium scutulatum Pisidium subtruncatum Pisidium variabile Pisidium variabile magnum Pisidium ventricosum Pisidium walkeri Sphaerium fabale Sphaerium lacustre (lake fingernail clam) Sphaerium nitidum (arctic fingernail clam) Sphaerium occidentale Sphaerium patella Sphaerium rhomboideum (rhomboid fingernail clam) Sphaerium simile Sphaerium striatinum Sphaerium sulcatum Sphaerium tenue Sphaerium transversum
See also List of non-marine molluscs of the United States List of flora and fauna of Montana
References
Further reading