The gens Artoria was a minor plebeian family at ancient Rome. Few members of this gens are mentioned in history, but a number are known from inscriptions. Under the later Empire at least some of them were of senatorial rank.
Origin At least two distinct linguistic origins have been proposed for the nomen Artorius. Schulze, Herbig, and Salomies propose that the name is derived from the Etruscan praenomen Arnthur, perhaps Latinized as Artor.Schulze, Zur Geschichte lateinischer Eigennamen.Herbig, Tituli Faleriorum Veterum, p. 98.Salomies: Die römischen Vornamen, p. 68. Other scholars have proposed a Messapic origin, identifying a nomen Artorres, "descendant of Artas", with a Messapic possessive suffix -orres, indicating filiation.Chelotti, Morizio, & Silvestrini, Le epigrafi romane di Canosa, pp. 261, 264.Santoro, "Per la nuova iscrizione messapica di Oria", "La Nuova Epigrafe Messapica".Linguist Blanca María Prósper supports a possible link between the gens Artoria and Messapic Artorres and derives the latter from the Proto-Indo-European root *h2er- "to join, to fit together"; she proposes that Artorres (and thus its Latinized form Artorius) should be translated as "(descendant/family of the) Assembler". See: Prósper, Blanca María, "Language change at the crossroads: What Celtic, what Venetic, and what else in the personal names of Emona?", Voprosy Onomastiki, Vol. 16, Núm. 4, 2019, pp. 33-73 [p. 48] Some scholars have suggested that Artorius might be the origin of the Welsh name Arthur.
Praenomina The chief praenomina of the Artorii were Lucius, Gaius, Marcus, and Quintus, four of the most common names throughout Roman history. Lesser-used praenomina of the Artorii included Gnaeus, Sextus, and Titus, and there are a few examples of other names.
Branches and cognomina The Artorii do not appear to have been divided into distinct families, but a number of them used common surnames, such as Secundus, typically designating a second or younger child, and its derivatives.
Members
Artorius, according to Quadrigarius, the antagonist of the Capuan knight, Cerrinus Vibellius Taurea, during the Second Punic War. In Livy, Taurea's opponent is Tiberius Claudius Asellus.Quadrigarius, Annales, vi. apud Priscian, Ars Grammatica, x.Livy, xxiii. 46, 47. Gaius Artorius, dedicated an altar to Venus at Minturnae in Latium, dating to the second century BC.. Artoria, the former mistress of Gaius Artorius Dipilus.. Gaius Artorius Ɔ. l. Dipilus, a freedman named in an inscription from Casilinum, dating to 84 BC. Artoria Monime, the wife of Gaius Valerius, was buried at Neapolis between 50 BC and AD 31.SEG 50, 1044. Marcus Artorius Asclepiades, a friend and physician of Octavian, whom he attended at the Battle of Philippi. He died in a shipwreck in 31 BC.Caelius Aurelianus, De Morbis Acutis, iii. 14.Velleius Paterculus, ii. 70.Jerome, In Chronicon Eusebii. Marcus Artorius Geminus, legate of Augustus, and prefect of the military treasury in AD 10.. Marcus Artorius M. l. Philero, a freedman named in an inscription from Pompeii, dating to the latter part of the first century BC.Borelli, Un Impegno per Pompei, add. 2. Lucius Artorius C. f., a soldier in the nineteenth legion, named in an inscription from Caesena in Cisalpine Gaul, dating to the reign of Augustus.. Artoria L. l. Cleopatra, a freedwoman named in an inscription from Caesena, dating to the reign of Augustus. Marcus Artorius M. f. Rufus Zopyrus, the husband of Artoria Callista, named in an inscription from Casilinum, dating to the first half of the first century AD. Lucius Artorius Sex. f. Sex. n., son of Sextus Artorius and Praeconia Posilla, buried in a family sepulchre at Ameria in Umbria, dedicated by his sister, Artoria Secunda, dating to the first third of the first century AD.. Gaius Artorius Bassus, one of the municipal officials at Thugga in Africa Proconsularis, by AD 47 had been pontifex, aedile, and duumvir.. Artoria M. l. Callista, a freedwoman, and the wife of Marcus Artorius Rufus Zopyrus, named in an inscription from Casilinum in Campania, dating to the first half of the first century AD.. Artorius Q. f. Histrianus, one of the municipal duumvirs at Verona in Venetia and Histria, had held a number of civil posts, including quaestor of the treasury, during the early part of the first century AD.NSA, 1965-45. Marcus Artorius M. l. Secundus, a freedman buried at Rome with his wife, Clodia Apta, in the first half of the first century AD., . Gaius Artorius Proculus, a grammarian whom Quintilian mentions among those who consider the trope a type of figure.Quintilian, ix. 1.Smith, "Proculus, C. Artorius", in Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, vol. III, p. 541. Artorius Liberalis, named in an inscription from Pompeii.. Marcus Artorius, one of the municipal duumvirs of Pompeii., . Marcus Artorius, a gladiator named in an inscription from Pompeii.. Marcus Artorius Stephanus, named in an inscription from Rome, dating between AD 31 and 70.. Artoria Flaccilla, accompanied her husband, Decimus Novius Priscus, into exile in AD 65. Priscus was a friend of Seneca the Younger, whom the emperor Nero suspected of participating in the conspiracy of Gaius Calpurnius Piso.Tacitus, Annales, xv. 71. Artoria Harmonia, buried at Carthage in Africa Proconsularis, aged two, in a tomb dating between the reigns of Nero and the Flavian emperors.. Artorius Maximus, dedicated a monument at Dyrrachium in Macedonia to his wife, Valeria Rufina, aged thirty-two, and their son, Artorius Rufinus, aged nineteen years, two months, dating from the latter half of the first century, or the first half of the second.. Artorius Rufinus, son of Artorius Maximus and Valeria Rufina, buried at Dyrrachium, aged nineteen years, two months. Gaius Artorius, the father of Artoria Flora, according to an inscription from the early second century.. Artoria C. f. Flora, named in an inscription from Flavia Solva in Noricum. Gnaeus Artorius Callistus, dedicated a monument at Rome to his wife, Volumnia Auxis, dating to the second half of the first century AD.NSA, 1919-293. Artoria Prima, wife of Clemens, an exhorter of a 'factio', was buried at Rome with a monument from her husband, dating to the second half of the first century AD.Liverani and Spinola, Le Necropoli Vaticane, vol. i, p. 222. Marcus Artorius M. l. Primus, a freedman and architect, named in several inscriptions from Pompeii., , . Titus Artorius T. l. Faustus, a freedman named in an inscription from Canusium, dating to the first or early second century.. Titus Artorius T. l. Fortunatus, a freedman named in an inscription from Canusium, dating to the first or early second century. Titus Artorius T. l. Rusticus, a freedman named in an inscription from Canusium, dating to the first or early second century. Gnaeus Artorius Victor, buried at Rome in the late first or early second century.. Artoria Prima, named in an inscription from Rome, dating to the first or second century, together with her son, Montanus, and a Marcus Artorius Secundus.. Marcus Artorius Secundus, named in an inscription from Rome, dating to the first or second century, together with Artoria Prima and her son, Montanus. Artorius Marcellinus, dedicated a second century monument at Placentia to his wife, Clodia Leon.. Artorius Rufus, a grammarian quoted on several occasions by Festus.Festus, pp. 225, 352, 364 (ed. Müller). Artorius Valens, a native of Alexandria, was a soldier buried at Misenum, aged twenty-six, having served for six years, with a monument from Julia Agrippina, variously dated from around the reign of Nero, or the latter part of the second century. (Restored as "Valens", and dated to latter second century).U.S. Epigraphy Project, inscription MI.AA.UM.KM.L.820 (Given as "Vales", and dated between AD 58 and 71). Artorius Saturninus, a native of Siscia, was Decurion of the Cohors I Lusitanorum, one of the auxilia stationed in Moesia Inferior. He was buried near the Tropaeum Trajani, aged forty-five, having served twenty-five years. His children, Gaius Artorius, Roscia Saturnina, and Artorius Saturninus, dedicated a monument in his memory, dating between AD 130 and 170. Gaius Artorius, one of the children of Artorius Saturninus, a soldier buried near the Tropaeum Trajani in Moesia Inferior. Artorius Saturninus, one of the children of Artorius Saturninus. Lucius Artorius Castus, a centurion in a number of legions and primus pilus of the Legio V Macedonica, was named prefect of the Fleet at Misenum, dux of detachments of the three British legions during an expedition against the Armenians, and governor of the province of Liburnia., .Tomlin, Britannia Romana, pp. 155–157.Birley, Roman Government of Britain, p. 355.Loriot, "Un mythe historiographique: l'expédition d'Artorius Castus contre les Armoricains", pp. 85–86. Artorius Victor, dedicated a monument at Apulum in Dacia to his wife, Ulpia Maximilla, dating from the late second century.IDR, iii. 5-2, 608. Artoria Euphraenusa, buried at Misenum in Campania, aged twenty-six, with a monument from her husband, Artorius Sabinus, dating from the late second century or the first half of the third.. Artorius Sabinus, the husband of Artoria Euphraenusa. Gaius Artorius, named in a second- or third-century inscription from Bedriacum in Venetia and Histria.Pais, Supplementa Italica, 670. Lucius Artorius Hilarianus, named in a list of members of the boat-builders' guild at Ostia at the beginning of the third century.. Titus Artorius Minervalis, named among the municipal officials of Canusium, in an inscription dating to AD 223.. Artoria Privata, buried at Narona in Dalmatia, aged sixty, with a monument from her daughter, Aurelia Ursina, dating from the third century.. Lucius Artorius Pius Maximus, governor of Asia at some point between AD 284 and 298, during the reign of Diocletian., , , , . Artorius Amachius, dedicated a tomb at Rome for his wife, Aurelia, and their family on the thirteenth day before the Kalends of December in AD 348.ICUR, i. 81. Artoria Frontima, named in a fourth or fifth-century funerary inscription from Salona in Dalmatia.. Artorius Julianus Megethius, a senator named in a Christian inscription from Rome, dating to the fifth century. He was the husband of Accia or Maria Tulliana, granddaughter of the rhetorician Victorinus. They had a daughter, Tulliana.
Undated Artorii Artoria, the wife of Lucius Fabius Eutychus, a municipal official of equestrian rank at Ostia in Latium, and the mother of Gaius Domitius Fabius Hermogenes, who followed in his father's footsteps, holding a number of positions of responsibility.. Artoria M. l., a freedwoman named in an inscription from Grumentum in Lucania.. Artorius, named in a funerary inscription from Salona in Dalmatia.. Artorius, mentioned in an inscription from the present village of El Ghouiba, formerly in Africa Proconsularis.. Gaius Artorius C. f., dedicated a monument at Ateste in Regio X to Appaea Montana, a freedwoman.. Gnaeus Artorius Cn. f., named in an inscription from Carthage in Africa Proconsularis.ILAfr, 371. Marcus Artorius, named in an inscription from Placentia in Cisalpine Gaul.. Marcus Artorius M. l., a freedman named in an inscription from Rome.. Marcus Artorius, freedman of Hyginus, named in an inscription from Aquileia in Venetia and Histria.InscrAqu, i 854. Quintus Artorius Q. f., named in an inscription from Interamnia Praetuttiorum in Picenum.. Publius Artorius, named in an inscription from Thibilis in Numidia.ILAlg, ii. 2, 4883. Sextus Artorius Sex. f., husband of Praeconia Posilla, and father of Sextus, Lucius, and Artoria Secunda, who built a family sepulchre at Ameria. Sextus Artorius Sex. f. Sex. n., son of Sextus Artorius and Praeconia Posilla, buried in a family sepulchre at Ameria. Artorius Abscantus, buried at Rome, with a monument dedicated by Prepusa, a freedwoman..