Barbini is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Alfredo Barbini (1912–2007), Italian glass artist Giovanni Barbini (1901–1998), Italian naval officer Marco Barbini (born 1990), Italian rugby union player Matteo Barbini (born 1982), Italian rugby player Matteo Barbini (born 1991), Italian professional footballer William (Bill) Barbini (born 1947), American violinist
Other: Barbini (fish), fish genus from Cyprinidae family