The year 1518 in science and technology included many events, some of which are listed here.

Astronomy May 26 – A Transit of Venus occurs.

Exploration May 1 – Juan de Grijalva arrives at the Tabasco region of Mexico. Martín Fernández de Enciso publishes his Suma de Geographia in Castile, a summary of world geography incorporating the latest discoveries in the New World.

Mathematics Henricus Grammateus publishes Ayn neu Kunstlich Buech in Vienna, containing the earliest printed use of plus and minus signs for arithmetic.Miller, J. et al. "Earliest Uses of Symbols of Operation" after Cajori, F. A History of Mathematical Notations. He also publishes and a new musical temperament. Adam Ries publishes , describing the use of a calculating board, a kind of two-dimensional abacus, for practical arithmetic.

Medicine July – dancing plague, a case of dancing mania, breaks out in Strasbourg. September 23 – College of Physicians founded in London. Jacopo Berengario da Carpi publishes Tractatus de Fractura Calve sive Cranii in Bologna, the first monograph on neurosurgery.Dictionary of Scientific Biography. Publication of Antonio de Nebrija's Lexicon artis medicamentariae, "which contains the correspondence in vulgar language of the Greek and Latin names of the plants".

Births July 3 - Li Shizhen, Chinese physician, pharmacologist and mineralogist (died 1593) References