This is a list of major perpetrators of the Holocaust.
Name Photograph Date of birth Date of death Age at death Role FateLeader of the Nazi Party and the Third ReichCommitted suicide by gunshotKershaw (2008) Hitler: A Biography, p. 955Joachimsthaler (1999) The Last Days of Hitler: The Legends, the Evidence, the Truth, pp. 160–182Reichsführer-SS Chief of German Police Reich Minister of the InteriorArrested; committed suicide by biting down on a cyanide capsuleCommander-in-Chief of the LuftwaffePresident of the Reichstag Reichsminister of AviationEstablished the Final Solution as official policy in July 1941.Sentenced to death by hanging; committed suicide by cyanide poisoning hours before his scheduled executionChief of the Reich Security Main Office (RSHA) Deputy Reich-Protector of Bohemia and Moravia (acting Protector)Assassinated; died of sepsis caused by injuriesHead of the Gestapo Office of Jewish Affairs (RSHA Sub-Department IV-B4). Charged by Reinhard Heydrich with facilitating and managing the mass deportations of Jews to ghettos and extermination camps in Eastern Europe.Evaded arrest and escaped to Argentina in 1950. Discovered and kidnapped by Israeli agents in May 1960; subsequently brought to Israel, tried and executed by hanging in 1962.Unknown, but evidence points to May 1945UnknownSS-Gruppenführer und Generalleutnant der Polizei, Chief of the Gestapo 1939–45Disappeared; possibly killed in Berlin in May 1945 (unconfirmed)Chief Propagandist of the Nazi Party, Reich Minister of Propaganda Brief Chancellor of GermanyCommitted suicide by cyanide poisoning Reich Minister of Armaments and War Productiondenied any involvement of knowledge of the Holocaust, letters found after his death proved he was aware amongst other crimesServed a 20-year sentence. Released in 1966; died in 1981SS and Police Leader in the General Government Head of Operation ReinhardCommitted suicide by cyanide poisoningA major figure in the creation of the Nazi concentration camps First commander of SS Division Totenkopf, which became notorious for its war crimes.Killed in action in the Third Battle of KharkivHead of Concentration Camp Operations (Amt D: Konzentrationslagerwesen) in the SS Main Economic and Administrative Department (SS-Wirtschafts-Verwaltungshauptamt)Committed suicide by cyanide poisoning91 years, 23 daysHead of Deutsche Reichsbahn and State Secretary in Reich Ministry of Transport, involved with the mass deportations of German Jews to concentration camps and ghettos, also involved with the deportation of ghetto's residents to extermination campsDied of natural causes 61 years, 246 daysGauleiter of Franconia (1 March 1929 – 16 February 1940) Publisher of the antisemitic weekly propaganda newspaper Der StürmerExecuted by hangingChief of the Reich Security Main Office after Heydrich was assassinated Executed by hangingGovernor-General of the General GovernmentExecuted by hanging84 years, 66 daysChief of Personal Staff Reichsführer-SS, liaison officer between SS and Adolf Hitler, Supreme SS and Police Leader in occupied ItalySentenced to 5 years in prison by a denazification court in 1948; released in 1949 after sentence reduced to 4 years; re-arrested in 1962; sentenced to 15 years in prison in 1964; released in 1971; died in 1984Reichskommissar of the Netherlands Deputy Governor-Generalof the General Government,(October 12, 1939 – May 18, 1940)
Reich Minister of Foreign Affairs (April 30 to May 2, 1945), succeeding Ribbentrop.Executed by hangingState Secretary and deputy to Hans Frank,(May 18, 1940 – January 19, 1945)Executed by hangingHead of the Nazi Party Chancellery Private Secretary to Adolf HitlerSentenced to death by hanging in absentia; believed to have committed suicide to avoid capture in Berlin; the buried body was not found until 1972; the remains were conclusively identified in 1998.Beevor (2002) Berlin: The Downfall 1945, p. 383Miller (2006) Leaders of the SS and German Police, Vol. 1, p. 15457 years, 190 daysHead of NSRB, Minister of Justice in Saxony, President of the Academy for German Law (20 August 1942 – 8 May 1945), Minister of Justice (24 August 1942 – 2 May 1945), Judge President of the People's Court, co-responsible for creating and establishing antisemitic and totalitarian laws that led to the Final Solution and justified terror in occupied territories.Committed suicide by poisoningChief of the Ordnungspolizei Deputy Reich-Protector of Bohemia and Moravia (acting Protector) Executed by hanging Chief of the SS-Wirtschafts-Verwaltungshauptamt (SS Main Economic and Administrative Department), the central SS financial office responsible for overall administration of the concentration camps. Directed the construction of Auschwitz, Majdanek, and StutthofExecuted by hangingState Secretary and SS and Police Leader in Bohemia and MoraviaExecuted by hangingDecember 2001 or December 201089 or 98Deputy to Adolf Eichmann; organised the deportations of at least 140,000 Jews from France, Greece, Slovakia and Austria. Commandant of the Drancy internment camp.Escaped to Egypt around 1954, then fled to Syria. Served as a consultant to the al-Assad regime on torture techniques; died in Syria of natural causes in December 2001Deputy to Adolf Eichmann; Head of the SD Hauptamt – Judenreferat (SD Head Office – Jewish Affairs Department) for Paris: September 1940 – July 1942 In charge of the Final Solution in Bulgaria, the Balkans and Hungary (from 1943) Arrested by the U.S. military; committed suicideMinister of War and chief of the Supreme Command of the Armed ForcesExecuted by hanging. See War crimes of the Wehrmacht.Chief of the Kommandostab Reichsführer-SS under Himmler. Coordinated Waffen-SS operations during the Pripyat Marshes massacresSentenced to two years imprisonment in 1949; died in 1952.69 years, 215 daysReich Minister of the Interior (30 January - 20 August 1943), Reich Minister without Portfolio (24 August 1943 -30 April 1945), Protector of Bohemia and Moravia (24 August 1943 – 8 May 1945) Co-authored the Nuremberg LawsExecuted by hangingCoordinator of Operation ReinhardArrested; committed suicide by hangingLeader of the Independent State of CroatiaEscaped to Argentina in 1948 via the ratlines in Spain. Died from wounds sustained from an assassination attempt in 1957.Sold Zyklon B to the SS, knowing that it would be used to exterminate concentration camp prisonersExecuted by hangingSold Zyklon B to the SS, knowing that it would be used to exterminate concentration camp prisonersExecuted by hanging83 years, 115 daysMember of the board of IG Farben and Bayer, co-responsible for creation of Monowitz concentration camp and usage of slave laborSpent 4 years in prison, died of natural causes.Organizer for Aktion T4 Extensively involved in the process of establishment of extermination camps for Operation ReinhardExecuted by hanging68 years, 99 daysSS and Police Leader in Radom District (General Government) August 1941- May 1942, Higher SS and Police Leader in occupied France May 1942 - November 1944Died of natural causes93 years, 21 daysCommandant of SiPo and SD in Paris, involved in mass deportations of the French Jews and also the French population in general Sentenced to death in 1947 and 1954; commuted to life imprisonment; released in 1962; died in 2003Walter Schimana50 years, 184 daysSS and Police Leader in occupied Soviet Union (central Russia and Belarus), Higher SS and Police Leader in occupied GreeceArrested; committed suicide by hangingHead of gas chamber construction during Operation ReinhardServed four years in prison after one trial, acquitted after a second trial on separate chargesInspector of Aktion T4 and Operation Reinhard; Commandant of Bełżec, end of AssassinatedCommandant of Auschwitz, , Executed by hangingCommandant of Auschwitz, Commandant of Majdanek, Executed by hangingCommandant of Auschwitz, May 1944February 1945 Commandant of Mittelbau-Dora, February 1945April 1945Arrested in 1960; died in prison while awaiting trial in 1963 Commandant of Auschwitz-Birkenau (1944) Commandant of Bergen-Belsen (1944–1945)Executed by hangingCommandant of Dachau, Commandant of Dachau, Commandant of Neuengamme, Commandant of Majdanek, Executed by hanging1945 (assumed)44 years (assumed)A deputy to Oswald Pohl in WVHA and chief of its Office C that was responsible for designing and building concentration camps, including gas chambers and crematoria.DisappearedCommandant of Dachau, February 1940 – September 1942Executed by hangingCommandant of Mittelbau-Dora, October 1944 – January 1945Executed by hangingCommandant of Stutthof, September 1939 – August 1942 Commandant of Neuengamme, September 1942 – May 1945Executed by hangingCommandant of Monowitz, Commandant of Natzweiler-Struthof, February 1945 – April 1945Executed by firing squadCommandant of Buchenwald, August 1, 1937 – September 1941 Commandant of Majdanek, September 1941 – August 24, 1942Executed by firing squad by Nazi Germany for multiple "unauthorized murders" and embezzlement64 years, 196 days Commandant of Stutthof concentration camp, September 1942 - April 1945Arrested in Italy in 1946; escaped in 1949; re-arrested in 1953; sentenced to 5 years and three months in prison, later increased to nine years; released in 1960; died in 197488 years, 138 daysCommandant of Gusen concentration camp, 1940-1942, commandant of Herzogenbusch concentration camp, 1943Arrested in 1959 in West Germany, released in 1979 on health grounds. Died of natural causes Commandant of Esterwegen concentration camp, July 1934 - April 1936, commandant of Dachau, April 1936 - July 1939, commandant of Sachsenhausen, March 1940 - September 1942, commandant of several work camps in Norway, 1942 - 1945Committed suicide in internment campCommandant of Buchenwald, August 1, 1937 – September 1941Sentenced to death by hanging, died awaiting executionCommandant of Treblinka, Arrested; committed suicide by hangingCommandant of Chelmno, Arrested by the British Army; committed suicide by hangingCommandant of Chelmno, Killed in action during the Battle of BerlinCommandant of Sobibor, ; Commandant of Treblinka, Arrested on ; sentenced to life imprisonment on ; died in prisonCommandant of Treblinka, Arrested on ; sentenced to life imprisonment in 1965; released on health grounds in 1993Croatian Ustaše official who headed the system of concentration camps in the Independent State of Croatia (NDH) during much of World War II Murdered in exileIn charge of construction for the Operation Reinhard death camps: Bełżec, Sobibor and TreblinkaExtrajudicially executed by the NKVDCommandant of Sobibor, Killed in actionCommandant of Trawniki, October 21, 1941June 24, 1944 Responsible for the training of the Trawniki men, who operated the gas chambers and performed executions at all of the major Operation Reinhard camps as well as in the ghettosAcquitted of war crimes; died a free manCommandant of Bełżec, end of Died of mysterious health complicationsCommandant of Kraków-Płaszów Executed by hanging Commandant of Theresienstadt, Leading member of the Sondereinsatzkommando Eichmann, which organized the mass deportations of approximately 437,000 Hungarian Jews, hundreds of thousands of whom were sent to Auschwitz and gassed Executed by hanging 40 years, 28 daysCommandant of Theresienstadt, January 1944 May 1945Executed by hangingCommandant of Ravensbrück, Commandant of Majdanek, Commandant of Flossenbürg, Arrested; committed suicide by hanging Commandant of Ravensbrück, August 1942April 1945Executed by firing squadCommandant of Mauthausen, -Shot by American soldiers while trying to escape, died of his injuries the next day53 years, 13 daysCommandant of JägalaCommitted suicide by hanging in Canada, allegedly to protect his relatives from potential reprisalsCommandant of Vaivara, August 1943November 1943