Marcinkowski (feminine Marcinkowska) is a Polish toponymic surname, denoting a person from the village of Marcinkowo or Marcinkowice. Notable people include:
Andrzej Marcinkowski (1929–2010), Polish politician Dariusz Marcinkowski (born 1975), Polish field hockey player JT Marcinkowski (born 1997), American professional soccer goalkeeper James Marcinkowski (born 1955), American CIA officer Karol Marcinkowski (1800–1846), Polish physician Renata Marcinkowska (born 1965), Polish tennis player Władysław Marcinkowski (1858–1947), Polish sculptor