Pataxó (Patashó, Patachó, sometimes called Southern Pataxó to distinguish from Pataxó-Hãhãhãe) is an extinct Maxakalían language of Brazil formerly spoken by the Pataxó people of the Bahia region, and of Minas Gerais, Pôsto Paraguassu in Itabuna municipality. The 12,865 individuals in the Pataxó tribe now speak Portuguese instead, though they retain a few Pataxó words, as well as some words from neighbouring peoples. It has been revived in a form called Patxohã. Due to poor documentation, many elements of Pataxó grammar, including the entire syntax, needed to be entirely reconstructed. Patxohã was declared an official language in the city of Porto Seguro, Bahia, in 2023. This was followed by Santa Cruz Cabrália two years later.
Vocabulary +glossPataxóNotes(the) armoldeyeaxepalatal ; like tapirGerman fishing hooktreebellyunclearlegbitemountainunclear; final shortbedblowinitial shortbloodunclearbreakbowbrother as in Frenchchestcalabashcanoehummingbirdthumbvillagethorneatone, aloneearth, landegg(it is) goodit is not good as in Germanfeatherfishfleshfingershotgunpalatal enemy, to fightriverlazyfrogslothunclearfatfriend, comradegodlargepatienceto shinedogchickenhairneckhornyesas in Frenchchildcoldsmallheadcome!shortsicklongthigh as in Frenchliverto runmanmother between and cornmaniocknifegirlto paintnightblack personnonosenail (finger- and toe-) as in Frenchoxarrowhorsepacared pronounced separatelysunstonesonto diepig like palatal to singto sleepto stinksister
References
PATXOHÃ, “LINGUA DE GUERREIRO”: UM ESTUDO SOBRE O PROCESSO DE RETOMADA DA LINGUA PATAXÓ