Cycling has been contested at every Summer Paralympic Games since the 1984 Summer Paralympics. From an original program of seven road races, the sport is now contested on both road and track, with handbikes (classified H) and tricycle racing (T) on the road only, while visually impaired tandem class events (B) and standard bicycle racing class event (C) take place in both track and road disciplines. Since 2012 the cycling program at the Paralympics is typically the third largest of any sport in the Games, behind athletics and swimming, and running at approximately 50 separate events.

Summary of editions GamesYear EventsBest Nation1 not held2 not held3 not held4 not held5 not held6 not held7 1984 7 8 1988 7 9 1992 9 10 1996 23 11 2000 27 12 2004 31 13 2008 44 14 2012 50 15 2016 50 16 2020 51 17 2024 51

Classification

Cyclists are given a classification depending on the type and extent of their disability. The classification system allows cyclists to compete against others with a similar level of function.Cycling , Canadian Paralympic Committee

At the 2008 Summer Paralympics and earlier, classes were: B&VI 1–3: Cyclists with a visual impairment, using a tandem bicycle LC 1–4: Cyclists with a locomotor disability, including those with amputations CP 1–4: Cyclists with cerebral palsy, using a tricycle (CP 1–2) or bicycle (CP 3–4) HC A, B, and C: Cyclists using a handcycle

At the 2012 Summer Paralympics, a functional para-cycling classification system was used. B: Cyclists with a vision impairment, using a tandem bicycle T 1–2: Cyclists with cerebral palsy, MS or similar neuro-motor impairment, using a tricycle C 1–5: Cyclists with amputations, neuromotor or musculoskeletal impairment, using a bicycle H 1–4: Cyclists using a handcycle

As a rule, because of the nature of the machine, tricycle racing and handbike racing does not take place in the velodrome, although both tandem and standard bicycles can be used there. With that restriction, generally every class will have four possible individual events to compete in - a road race and extended road time trial, a track time trial of between 500 and 100 metres and a pursuit between 3000 and 4000 metres. In addition, there are a number of team events; a mixed handbike relays on the road, and a mixed team sprint on the track.

Factoring

In some cycling events, cyclists with different classifications compete against each other for one set of medals. Many (but not all) such events are factored, reducing the times of riders in lower classifications to take their greater impairment into account. Factoring percentages are based on average race times by riders in each classification to give a notional equivalent time for each effort compared to riders in other classifications. Real times, however, are still recorded for world and Paralympic records purposes within each classification.

At the 2012 Summer Paralympics, factored races included the mixed tricycle time trial, Women's C1–3 road time trial, Women's H1–2 road time trial and track C1–3 and C4–5 events.

Road cycling

Men's events Current events Events 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years Road race - - X - - X X X X X 6 Time trial X X X X - X X X X X 9 Past events Events 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years Team tandem open, time trial - - X - - - - - - - 1

Women's events Nation 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years Road race X - - - - X X X X X 6 Time trial X - X - - X X X X X 7

Mixed events Current events Events 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years Team relay - - - - - - - X X X 3 Past events Events 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years Road race - - - X X - X X - - 4 Time trial - - - X X - X X - - 4

Medal table

Track cycling

Men's events Current events Event 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years Bicycle, individual pursuit - - X X X X X 5 Bicycle, time trial - - X X X X X 5 Tandem, individual pursuit X X X X X X X 7 Tandem, time trial X X X X X X X 7 Past events Events 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years Bicycle, team sprint - - X X - - - 2 Tandem, sprint X X X X - - - 4

Women's events Current events Events 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years Bicycle, individual pursuit - - - - X X X 3 Bicycle, 500m time trial - - - X X X X 4 Tandem, individual pursuit X X X X X X X 7 Tandem, 1 km time trial X X X X X X X 7 Past events Events 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years Bicycle, 1 km time trial - - X - - X - 2 Tandem, sprint - - X - - - - 1

Mixed events Current events Events 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years Team, sprint - X - - X X X 4 Past events Events 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years Omnium X - - - - - - 1 Tandem open, individual pursuit X X - - - - - 2 Tandem open, sprint X X - - X X - 4 Tandem open, time trial X X - - - - - 2

Medal table

Overall medal table

Updated to 2024 Summer Paralympics. Countries in italics are former countries who participated in the Paralympics.

Medal table

Nations Nations 8 11 19 23 25 39 39 48 45 Competitors 22 40 149 181 202 196 220 223 235

See also Cycling at the Summer Olympics Cycle sport Para-cycling Para-cycling classification UCI Para-cycling Road World Championships UCI Para-cycling Track World Championships

References

IPC Historical Results Database - General Search, International Paralympic Committee (IPC)