Klaproth is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Martin Heinrich Klaproth (1743–1817), German chemist Klaproth (crater), lunar crater named after Martin Heinrich Klaproth Julius Klaproth (1783–1835), German linguist, historian, ethnographer, author, Orientalist and explorer Stephan Klapproth (born 1958), a Swiss journalist and television presenter