Chizhov () (feminine: Chizhova) is a Russian-language surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Alexei Chizhov (born 1964), Russian international draughts player Anatoliy Chizhov (1934–2021), Soviet and Russian engineer and politician Elena Chizhova, Russian writer Matvey Chizhov (1838–1916), Russian sculptor Nadezhda Chizhova (born 1945), Russian shotputter Oleksandr Chyzhov (born 1986), Ukrainian footballer Sergey Chizhov (born 1964), Russian politician Valeri Chizhov (born 1975), Russian footballer Vladimir Chizhov, Russian politician and diplomat Yevgeny Chizhov (1966–2025), Russian writer and translator
See also