The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to childhood:
Children – biologically, a child (plural: children) is generally a human between the stages of birth and puberty. Some definitions include the unborn (termed fetus).See Shorter Oxford English Dictionary 397 (6th ed. 2007), which's the first definition is "A fetus; an infant;...". See also ‘The Compact Edition of the Oxford English Dictionary: Complete Text Reproduced Micrographically’, Vol. I (Oxford University Press, Oxford 1971): 396, which defines it as: ‘The unborn or newly born human being; fetus, infant’. The legal definition of "child" generally refers to a minor, otherwise known as a person younger than the age of majority. "Child" may also describe a relationship with a parent or authority figure, or signify group membership in a clan, tribe, or religion; it can also signify being strongly affected by a specific time, place, or circumstance, as in "a child of nature" or "a child of the Sixties."
Child education
Education reform Education Learning disability List of education topics Public education
School
School School run School uniform Student
Stages
Educational stage Primary education Primary school Middle school Secondary education Secondary school
Methods and theories
Bilingual education Boarding School Country Day School movement Homeschooling Montessori method Orff Schulwerk Outcome-based education Philosophy of education Phonics Prussian education Reggio Emilia approach Religious education Suzuki method Waldorf School
Instruction content and tools
Abacus Educational programming language Language education Mathematics education Origami Philosophy for Children Physical education Reading education Reading recovery Recess Religious education as a school subject School corporal punishment School discipline Science education Writing development
Elsewhere
Preschool
Early childhood education Curricula in early childhood care and education Preschool Kindergarten Forest kindergarten
Childcare
Child care Babysitting Governess Nanny Au pair
Extracurricular and informal
After-school activity Children's street culture Extracurricular activity Music lesson Scouting Youth sports Youth system Unschooling
Growth and development Child development Nature versus nurture
Stages of formative period Child development stages Pregnancy Conception Embryo Fetus Infant Childbirth Child Early childhood Early Childhood Development Toddler Adolescence Preadolescence Puberty Entering Adulthood
Aspects
Social development
Social emotional development Attachment Theory Attachment in children Child directed speech / Baby talk Language development Language acquisition Speech acquisition Babbling Baby sign language Vocabulary Development Mama and papa Errors in early word use Crib talk Stranger Anxiety Westermarck effect Private speech Peer group peer pressure Friendship Imaginary friend Child sexuality Puppy love
Personal care
Breastfeeding Baby bottle Infant bed Infant sleep Diaper Weaning Toilet Training
Physical development and growth
Development of the human body Growth hormone Motor skill Gross motor skill Crawling (human) Fine motor skill Childhood development of fine motor skills Grasp
Intellectual and cognitive development
Cognitive development Infant cognitive development Object permanence Mirror stage Comfort object Development of the nervous system in humans Learning Children's use of information Moral development Happy victimizing Theory of mind
Complications and divergence
Innate Birth defect Developmental disorder Attachment theory Attention deficit disorder Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder Autism Down syndrome Growth hormone deficiency Disability Intellectual disability Physical disability
In life Stillbirth Maternal death SIDS Maternal deprivation Infant mortality List of childhood diseases and disorders Feral child Infection in childcare Child poverty Childhood obesity Child prodigy Precocious puberty Delayed puberty
Society and Law
Family and guardianship
Relations Parent Mother Father Sibling Brother Sister Grandparent Aunt Uncle Cousin Extended family Stepfamily Godparent
Concepts
Parenting Child custody Family law Adoption Orphan Inheritance Child support Incest taboo Surrogate mother Fathers' rights Illegitimacy Divorce Best interests Morality and legality of abortion Sex-selective abortion Voluntary childlessness
Legal rights, responsibilities and restrictions
Age limit Age of consent Age of criminal responsibility Age of majority Children's rights movement Children's rights education Minor (law) Voting age Youth rights
Behaviour management
Child discipline Corporal punishment Corporal punishment in the home Grounding (discipline technique) Juvenile delinquency Spanking Time-out (parenting) Young offender Youth detention center
Child protection and welfare
Child and Youth Care Child benefit Child labour laws Child protection Parental leave Residential care Foster care Orphanage Social services UNICEF – the United Nations Children's Fund Welfare
Harm
Child abuse Child sexual abuse Paedophilia Child pornography Child abuse Child neglect Child abandonment Child abduction Child murder Filicide Child selling Child slavery Infanticide Military use of children
Vulnerable situations and possible abuse
Child marriage Child displacement Child actor Child refugee Child labour Children in emergencies and conflicts Homelessness Ephebophilia
History of children in society
History of childhood History of children in the military History of early childhood care and education History of education History of the family
Specific times and places
Childhood in Maya society Childhood in the Viking Age Childhood in medieval England Childhood in Scotland in the Middle Ages Childhood in early modern Scotland Stolen Generations Effect of World War I on children in the United States Children in the Holocaust Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children
Children's entertainment and leisure
Media and literature
Advertising to children Children's clothing Children's culture Children's literature Fairy tale Picture book Children's film Animation Children's music Nursery rhyme Lullaby Children's television series
Toys and games
Game List of children's games Play Playground Toy List of toys
See also
Child harness Child safety lock The World's Children's Prize for the Rights of the Child Piggy bank Genetic counseling Children's Day Student loan World Summit for Children Childhood studies Lina Medina List of youth topics Term of endearment
References