This is an incomplete list, which may never be able to satisfy certain standards for completion.
There are many conditions of or affecting the human hematologic system—the biological system that includes plasma, platelets, leukocytes, and erythrocytes, the major components of blood and the bone marrow.
Anemias
An anemia is a decrease in number of red blood cells (RBCs) or less than the normal quantity of hemoglobin in the blood.MedicineNet.com Definition of Anemia Last Editorial Review: 12/9/2000 Retrieved March 27, 2011Merriam-Webster Dictionary anemia Retrieved on March 27, 2011 However, it can include decreased oxygen-binding ability of each hemoglobin molecule due to deformity or lack in numerical development as in some other types of hemoglobin deficiency.
Anemia is the most common disorder of the blood. There are several kinds of anemia, produced by a variety of underlying causes. Anemia can be classified in a variety of ways, based on the morphology of RBCs, underlying etiologic mechanisms, and discernible clinical spectra, to mention a few. The three main classes of anemia include excessive blood loss (acutely such as a hemorrhage or chronically through low-volume loss), excessive blood cell destruction (hemolysis) or deficient red blood cell production (ineffective hematopoiesis). Based on 2005-2006 estimates, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has stated that approximately 5.5 million Americans a year are either admitted to a hospital or seen by a physician, with some form of anemia as their primary diagnosis.
Symptoms of anaemia include Plummer–Vinson syndrome, candidal infections. Altered taste sensation, smooth, red painful burning sensation of tongue, filiform followed by fungiform papillae atrophy may also be seen. Others include generalized stomatitis, angular cheilitis and gingivitis.
Oral manifestation of anemia include angular cheilitis, generalized stomatitis, candidiasis and gingivitis. There will be pallor of lips and oral mucosa. Patients might have a smooth, red painful tongue, experience burning sensation of tongue or disturbed taste sensation. Atrophy of filiform and fungiform papillae may also occur.
Nutritional anemias A nutritional anemia is a type of anemia that can be directly attributed to either a nutritional disorder or a nutritional deficiency. Condition name ICD-10 coding number Diseases Database coding number Medical Subject HeadingsIron-deficiency anemia Iron-deficiency anemia (or iron deficiency anaemia) is a common anemia that occurs when iron loss (often from intestinal bleeding or menses) occurs, and/or the dietary intake or absorption of iron is insufficient. In such a state, hemoglobin, which contains iron, cannot be formed. Plummer–Vinson syndrome Plummer–Vinson syndrome (PVS), also called Paterson–Brown–Kelly syndrome or sideropenic dysphagia presents as a triad of dysphagia (due to esophageal webs), glossitis, and iron-deficiency anemia. It most usually occurs in postmenopausal women.Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia occurs when a "lower-than-normal" amount of the vitamin B12 is available within the body, leading to a decreased production of healthy red blood cells. Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia due to intrinsic factor deficiency Vitamin B12 deficiency is caused by a lack of intrinsic factor, as seen in pernicious anemia, causes a vitamin B12 deficiency.Pernicious anemia Pernicious anemia (also known as macrocytic achylic anemia, congenital pernicious anemia, juvenile pernicious anemia, and Vitamin B12 deficiency) is one of many types of the larger family of megaloblastic anemias. It is caused by loss of gastric parietal cells, and subsequent inability to absorb vitamin B12. Pernicious anemia is the result of inadequate production of the protein intrinsic factor needed by the body to absorb vitamin B 12, causing a reduction of new red blood cells.Vitamin B 12 deficiency anemia due to selective vitamin B 12 malabsorption with proteinuria Vitamin B 12 deficiency anemia due to selective vitamin B 12 malabsorption with proteinuria (also known as Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder which requires the indefinite administration of Vitamin B12 injections.Megaloblastic hereditary anemia , , Megaloblastic anemia (or megaloblastic anaemia) is an anemia (of macrocytic classification) that results from inhibition of DNA synthesis in red blood cell production.Transcobalamin II deficiency Transcobalamin II deficiency (TCII) (also known as hereditary transcobalamin II deficiency) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder that results in neurological dysfunction. Transcobalamin II are a type of carrier proteins which bind with plasma vitamin B12 (cobalamin) in the production of red blood cells.Folate-deficiency anemia Folate-deficiency anemia (also known as dietary folate-deficiency anemia) is a condition that develops when the body does not have the adequate supply of folic acid available that is needed for the production of new healthy blood cells.Nutritional megaloblastic anemia , , D000749 Nutritional Megaloblastic anemia is an anemia (of macrocytic classification) that results from inhibition of DNA synthesis in red blood cell production. Drug-induced folate deficiency anemia Protein-deficiency anemia Protein deficiency anemia is an anemia that results from an inadequate intake of dietary protein. Scurvy Scurvy is a disease resulting from a deficiency of vitamin C, which is required for the synthesis of collagen in humans.
Non-nutritional (hemolytic, aplastic and other) anemias