This is a list of U.S. states and territories by historical population, as enumerated every decade by the United States Census. As required by the United States Constitution, a census has been conducted every 10 years since 1790. Although the decennial census collects a variety of information that has been used in demographic studies, marketing, and other enterprises, the purpose of the census as stated in the Constitution is to produce an "actual enumeration" of the number of persons in the states in order to calculate their Congressional apportionment.
As the United States has grown in area and population, new states have been formed out of U.S. territories or the division of existing states. The population figures provided here reflect modern state boundaries. Shaded areas of the tables indicate census years when a territory or the part of another state had not yet been admitted as a new state. Since 1920, the "total population" of the United States has been considered the population of all the States and the District of Columbia; territories and other possessions were counted as additional population. , five U.S. territories (American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands), along with the U.S. Minor Outlying Islands, are not included in the count of total U.S. population.
1790 to 1860, Census Data
Total population, 1790 to 1860
Total population counts for the Censuses of 1790-1860 include both free and enslaved persons. Native Americans were not identified in the Census of 1790 through 1840 and only sporadically from 1850 until 1890, if they lived outside of Indian Territory or off reservations. Beginning with the 1900 census, Native Americans were fully enumerated along with the general population.
Name Admitted 1790 1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860 1819 1,250 9,046 127,901 309,527 590,756 771,623 964,201 1959 1900 1912 1836 1,062 14,273 30,388 97,574 209,897 435,450 1850 92,597 379,994 1876 34,277 1788 237,946 251,002 262,042 275,202 297,675 309,978 370,792 460,147 1787 59,096 64,273 72,674 72,749 76,748 78,085 91,532 112,216 1790 8,144 15,471 23,336 30,261 33,745 51,687 75,080 1845 34,730 54,477 87,445 140,424 1788 82,548 162,686 251,407 340,989 516,823 691,392 906,185 1,057,286 1899 1959 1890 1818 2,458 12,282 55,211 157,445 476,183 851,470 1,711,951 1816 2,632 24,520 147,178 343,031 685,866 988,416 1,350,428 1846 43,112 192,214 674,913 1861 107,206 1792 73,677 220,959 406,511 564,317 687,917 779,828 982,405 1,155,684 1812 76,556 153,407 215,739 352,411 517,762 708,002 1820 96,540 151,719 228,705 298,335 399,455 501,793 583,169 628,279 1788 319,728 341,548 380,546 407,350 447,040 470,019 583,034 687,049 1788 378,787 422,845 472,040 523,287 610,408 737,699 994,514 1,231,066 1837 3,757 4,762 7,452 28,004 212,267 397,654 749,113 1858 6,077 172,023 1817 7,600 31,306 75,448 136,621 375,651 606,526 791,305 1821 19,783 66,586 140,455 383,702 682,044 1,182,012 1889 1867 28,841 1864 6,857 1788 141,885 183,858 214,360 244,161 269,328 284,574 317,976 326,073 1787 184,139 211,149 245,555 277,575 320,823 373,306 489,555 672,035 1912 61,547 93,516 1788 340,120 586,050 959,049 1,372,812 1,918,608 2,428,921 3,097,394 3,880,735 1789 393,751 478,103 556,526 638,829 737,987 753,419 869,039 992,622 1889 1986 1803 42,159 230,760 581,434 937,903 1,519,467 1,980,329 2,339,511 1907 1859 12,093 52,465 1787 434,373 602,545 810,091 1,049,458 1,348,233 1,724,033 2,311,786 2,906,215 1899 1790 68,825 69,122 76,931 83,059 97,199 108,830 147,545 174,620 1788 249,073 345,591 415,115 502,741 581,185 594,398 668,507 703,708 1889 4,837 1796 35,691 105,602 261,727 422,813 681,904 829,210 1,002,717 1,109,801 1845 212,592 604,215 1917 1896 11,380 40,273 1791 85,425 154,465 217,713 235,764 280,652 291,948 314,120 315,098 1788 691,937 807,557 877,683 938,261 1,044,054 1,025,227 1,119,348 1,219,630 Washington 1889 1,201 11,594 1863 55,873 78,592 105,469 136,808 176,924 224,537 302,313 376,688 1848 1,444 3,635 30,945 305,391 775,881 1890 3,929,214 5,308,483 7,239,881 9,638,453 12,860,702 17,063,353 23,191,876 31,443,321
Enslaved population, 1790 to 1860
The below figures cover only people held in bondage. They are also counted in the total population figures above.
Name 1790 1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860 494 2,565 41,879 117,549 253,532 342,844 435,081 136 1,617 4,576 19,935 47,100 111,115 0 0 0 2,764 951 310 97 25 17 0 0 8,887 6,153 4,177 4,509 3,292 2,605 2,290 1,798 2,072 3,554 4,520 4,505 3,320 3,687 3,185 15,501 25,717 39,310 61,745 29,264 59,699 105,218 149,656 217,531 280,944 381,682 462,198 107 168 917 747 331 0 0 28 237 190 3 3 0 0 16 0 0 2 12,430 40,343 80,561 126,732 165,213 182,258 210,981 225,483 34,660 69,064 109,588 168,452 244,809 331,726 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 103,036 105,635 111,502 107,398 102,994 89,737 90,368 87,189 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 24 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2,995 14,523 32,814 65,659 195,211 309,878 436,631 2,875 10,222 25,091 58,240 87,422 114,931 15 0 158 8 0 0 3 1 0 0 11,423 12,422 10,851 7,557 2,254 674 236 18 0 0 21,324 20,613 15,017 10,088 75 4 0 0 100,572 133,296 168,824 204,917 245,601 245,817 288,548 331,059 0 0 0 6 3 0 0 0 0 3,737 1,706 795 211 403 64 0 0 948 380 108 48 17 5 0 0 107,094 146,151 196,365 258,475 315,401 327,038 384,984 402,406 3,417 13,584 44,535 80,107 141,603 183,059 239,459 275,719 58,161 182,566 26 29 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 287,959 339,499 383,521 411,886 453,698 431,873 452,028 472,494 0 0 0 4,668 7,172 10,836 15,169 17,673 18,488 20,500 18,371 0 31 11 0 0 697,681 893,602 1,191,362 1,538,073 2,009,043 2,487,355 3,204,313 3,953,760
Total population, 1870 to 1950
Name 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 996,992 1,262,505 1,513,401 1,828,697 2,138,093 2,348,174 2,646,248 2,832,961 3,061,743 33,426 32,052 63,592 64,356 55,036 59,278 72,524 128,643 6,100 8,056 10,055 12,908 24,889 9,658 40,440 88,243 122,931 204,354 334,162 435,573 499,261 749,587 484,471 802,525 1,128,211 1,311,564 1,574,449 1,752,204 1,854,482 1,949,387 1,909,511 560,247 864,694 1,213,398 1,485,053 2,377,549 3,426,861 5,677,251 6,907,387 10,586,223 39,864 194,327 413,249 539,700 799,024 939,629 1,035,791 1,123,296 1,325,089 537,454 622,700 746,258 908,420 1,114,756 1,380,631 1,606,903 1,709,242 2,007,280 125,015 146,608 168,493 184,735 202,322 223,003 238,380 266,505 318,085 131,700 177,624 230,392 278,718 331,069 437,571 486,869 663,091 802,178 187,748 269,493 391,422 528,542 752,619 968,470 1,468,211 1,897,414 2,771,305 1,184,109 1,542,180 1,837,353 2,216,331 2,609,121 2,895,832 2,908,506 3,123,723 3,444,578 11,806 13,275 18,509 22,290 59,498 154,001 191,874 255,881 368,300 422,738 499,794 14,999 32,610 88,548 161,772 325,594 431,866 445,032 524,873 588,637 2,539,891 3,077,871 3,826,352 4,821,550 5,638,591 6,485,280 7,630,654 7,897,241 8,712,176 1,680,637 1,978,301 2,192,404 2,516,462 2,700,876 2,930,390 3,238,503 3,427,796 3,934,224 1,194,020 1,624,615 1,912,297 2,231,853 2,224,771 2,404,021 2,470,939 2,538,268 2,621,073 364,399 996,096 1,428,108 1,470,495 1,690,949 1,769,257 1,880,999 1,801,028 1,905,299 1,321,011 1,648,690 1,858,635 2,147,174 2,289,905 2,416,630 2,614,589 2,845,627 2,944,806 726,915 939,946 1,118,588 1,381,625 1,656,388 1,798,509 2,101,593 2,363,880 2,683,516 626,915 648,936 661,086 694,466 742,371 768,014 797,423 847,226 913,774 780,894 934,943 1,042,390 1,188,044 1,295,346 1,449,661 1,631,526 1,821,244 2,343,001 1,457,351 1,783,085 2,238,947 2,805,346 3,366,416 3,852,356 4,249,614 4,316,721 4,690,514 1,184,059 1,636,937 2,093,890 2,420,982 2,810,173 3,668,412 4,842,325 5,256,106 6,371,766 439,706 780,773 1,310,283 1,751,394 2,075,708 2,387,125 2,563,953 2,792,300 2,982,483 827,922 1,131,597 1,289,600 1,551,270 1,797,114 1,790,618 2,009,821 2,183,796 2,178,914 1,721,295 2,168,380 2,679,185 3,106,665 3,293,335 3,404,055 3,629,367 3,784,664 3,954,653 20,595 39,159 142,924 243,329 376,053 548,889 537,606 559,456 591,024 122,993 452,402 1,062,656 1,066,300 1,192,214 1,296,372 1,377,963 1,315,834 1,325,510 42,941 62,266 47,355 42,335 81,875 77,407 91,058 110,247 160,083 318,300 346,991 376,530 411,588 430,572 443,083 465,293 491,524 533,242 906,096 1,131,116 1,444,933 1,883,669 2,537,167 3,155,900 4,041,334 4,160,165 4,835,329 91,874 119,565 160,282 195,310 327,301 360,350 423,317 531,818 681,187 4,382,759 5,082,871 6,003,174 7,268,894 9,113,614 10,385,227 12,588,066 13,479,142 14,830,192 1,071,361 1,399,750 1,617,949 1,893,810 2,206,287 2,559,123 3,170,276 3,571,623 4,061,929 2,405 36,909 190,983 319,146 577,056 646,872 680,845 641,935 619,636 2,665,260 3,198,062 3,672,329 4,157,545 4,767,121 5,759,394 6,646,697 6,907,612 7,946,627 258,657 790,391 1,657,155 2,028,283 2,396,040 2,336,434 2,233,351 90,923 174,768 317,704 413,536 672,765 783,389 953,786 1,089,684 1,521,341 3,521,951 4,282,891 5,258,113 6,302,115 7,665,111 8,720,017 9,631,350 9,900,180 10,498,012 1,118,012 1,299,809 1,543,913 1,869,255 2,210,703 217,353 276,531 345,506 428,556 542,610 604,397 687,497 713,346 791,896 705,606 995,577 1,151,149 1,340,316 1,515,400 1,683,724 1,738,765 1,899,804 2,117,027 11,776 98,268 348,600 401,570 583,888 636,547 692,849 642,961 652,740 1,258,520 1,542,359 1,767,518 2,020,616 2,184,789 2,337,885 2,616,556 2,915,841 3,291,718 818,579 1,591,749 2,235,527 3,048,710 3,896,542 4,663,228 5,824,715 6,414,824 7,711,194 25,346 22,012 39,467 51,827 86,786 143,963 210,779 276,749 373,351 449,396 507,847 550,310 688,862 330,551 332,286 332,422 343,641 355,956 352,428 359,611 359,231 377,747 1,225,163 1,512,565 1,655,980 1,854,184 2,061,612 2,309,187 2,421,851 2,677,773 3,318,680 23,955 75,116 357,232 518,103 1,141,990 1,356,621 1,563,396 1,736,191 2,378,963 442,014 618,457 762,794 958,800 1,221,119 1,463,701 1,729,205 1,901,974 2,005,552 1,054,670 1,315,497 1,693,330 2,069,042 2,333,860 2,632,067 2,939,006 3,137,587 3,434,575 9,118 20,789 62,555 92,531 145,965 194,402 225,565 250,742 290,529 38,558,371 50,155,783 62,947,714 75,994,575 91,972,266 105,710,620 122,775,046 131,669,275 150,697,361
Total population, 1960 to 2020