Obraztsov (masculine, ) or Obraztsova (feminine, ) is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Elena Obraztsova (1939–2015), Russian operatic mezzo-soprano Evgenia Obraztsova (also spelled Yevgenia Obraztsova) (born 1984), Russian prima ballerina Sergey Obraztsov (1901–1992), Russian Soviet puppeteer Vladimir Obraztsov (born 1940), Soviet sprint canoeist
See also 4623 Obraztsova, main-belt asteroid named after Elena Obraztsova