There are three operating offshore wind farms in the United States, and several more are in permitting or under construction. The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management studies potential sites in federal waters for offshore wind energy development and leases sites to developers, who work with state regulatory agencies to interconnect and market their electricity.

Operational utility scale Wind farm Offshore BOEM wind energy lease area Receiving statesCoordinatesCapacity(MW)Completion year Turbines Developer/utility Regulatory agency Block Island Wind Rhode Island state waters RI 30 2016 5 x 6MW Haliade 150 ØrstedRhode Island PUC Coastal Virginia Offshore Wind - pilot project Offshore VirginiaOCS-A 0497 25 nmi (nautical miles) east of Cape Henry (VA) VA 12 2020 2 x 6MWSiemens Gamesa SWT-6.0-154 ØrstedDominion Energy State Corporation CommissionSouth ForkMassachusetts & Rhode IslandOCS-A 0517 (North Lease Area)26 nmi southeast of Montauk Point, Long Island (NY) & 16.6 nmi southeast of Block Island (RI)NY132202412 x 11MW Siemens Gamesa 11.0-200 DDØrstedGlobal Infrastructure PartnersNYSERDA Long Island Power Authority

Under construction The following table lists offshore wind farms that have begun construction in federal waters. Some of these projects have begun delivering power to the grid, with some of their turbines already coming online. Wind farm Offshore BOEM wind energy lease area Receiving statesCoordinates Capacity(MW) Projected completion Turbines Developer Regulatory agency/utility Vineyard Wind Offshore MassachusettsOCS-A 0501 13 nmi southwest of Martha's Vineyard (MA) MA 806 2025 62 13MW GE Haliade-XAvangridCopenhagen Infrastructure Partners Massachusetts Department of Public UtilitiesRevolution WindOffshore Rhode IslandOCS-A 0486 (North Lease Area)halfway between Montauk Point (NY) & Martha's Vineyard (MA)RICT704202664 Siemens Gamesa 11.0-200 DDØrstedGlobal Infrastructure PartnersNational GridUnited IlluminatingConnecticut DEEPRhode Island PUCCoastal Virginia Offshore WindOffshore VirginiaOCS-A 048325 to 35 nmi east of Cape Henry (VA)VA2,6402026176 Siemens Gamesa 14.0-222 DDDominion EnergyState Corporation Commission Sunrise Windsunrisewindny.com/news Offshore Massachusetts & Rhode IslandOCS-A 0487 (North Lease Area) 26 nmi east of Montauk Point, Long Island (NY) & 16.6 nmi southeast of Block Island (RI) NY 924 202684 Siemens Gamesa 11.0-200 DD ØrstedCon Ed TransmissionNYSERDA New York Power AuthorityEmpire Wind 1Offshore New YorkOCS-A 0512(Hudson North)12 nmi south of Jones Beach, Long Island (NY)NY8162027Vestas V236-15MWEquinorNYSERDA

Proposed wind farms

Atlantic Coast The following table lists offshore wind farm areas (by nameplate capacity) that are in various states development for the Outer Continental Shelf in U.S. territorial waters of the East Coast of the United States, where a Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) wind energy area lease has been secured and have gained at least some required regulatory approval before construction can begin. Distances are approximated and generally represent closest point of turbine array to shoreline, while acreage represents size of total lease area, which may be shared, and not the blocks within them allocated for the wind farm.

Projects that have received operations approval from BOEM are highlighted in blue.

Wind farm Offshore BOEM wind energy lease area Receiving statesCoordinates Capacity (MW) Projected completion Turbines Developer Regulatory agency/utility Atlantic ShoresOffshore New JerseyOCS-A 0499(NJWEA North)13 nmi east of Atlantic City (NJ)NJ1,5102028Vestas V236-15MWShell New Energies EDF RenewablesNJBPUAttentive Energy TwoOffshore New York/New JerseyOCS-A 0538 47 nmi southeast of Jones Beach (NY) & 36 nmi east of Seaside Heights(NJ)NJ1,3422031TotalEnergies Corio GenerationNJBPUCarolina Long BayOffshore North Carolina OCS-A 0545 OCS-A 054620 nmi southeast of Southport, North CarolinaNC2,250 2030TotalEnergy Renewables USA Duke Energy Kitty Hawk North Wind Offshore North CarolinaOCS-A 0508 24 nmi east of Corolla (NC) NC 800 Up to 69 Avangrid Renewables Leading Light WindOffshore New JerseyOCS-A 054230 nmi east of NJNJ2,4002031Invenergy energyRENJBPU MarWin Offshore MarylandOCS-A 0490 26 nmi east of Ocean City (MD)MD 300 22 US WindMaryland PSCCichon, Meg. "Third US Offshore Wind Lease Auction Goes to Italy-based US Wind" 20 August 2014. Accessed: 10 December 2014.Momentum Wind80855New England Wind 1Offshore Massachusetts OCS-A 0534 17 nautical miles south of Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts and 20 nautical miles southwest of Nantucket, MassachusettsMA7912031Avangrid RenewablesMassachusetts Department of Public Utilities SouthCoast Wind Offshore MassachusettsOCS-A 0521 25 nmi south of Martha's Vineyard (MA) MA, RI 1,287 2030 Shell New EnergiesOcean Winds MDPU Vineyard Wind 2 Offshore MassachusettsOCS-A 0522 25 nmi south of Nantucket (MA) MA 1,200 Copenhagen Infrastructure Partners Massachusetts Department of Public Utilities

Pacific and Gulf of Mexico coasts In October 2021, the Biden administration approved the initiation of mapping out potential lease areas along the Pacific and Gulf of Mexico coasts. In March 2022, five areas off the coast of California were defined for lease. An auction in December 2022 leased the areas for a total of $757 million.

Wind farm Offshore BOEM wind energy lease area Receiving stateCoordinates Capacity(MW) Projected completion Turbines Developer/utility Regulatory agency TBA Offshore Northern California OCS-P 0561 CA RWE Offshore Wind Holdings TBAOffshore Northern California OCS-P 0562CACalifornia North FloatingTBAOffshore Central California OCS-P 0563CA Equinor Wind USTBAOffshore Northern California OCS-P 0564CACentral California Offshore Wind TBA Offshore Northern California OCS-P 0565CA Invenergy California Offshore

Abandoned, postponed or decommissioned Cape Wind (Massachusetts) Delaware Offshore Wind Farm Fisherman's Energy Atlantic City Windfarm (New Jersey). Groundbreaking for the onshore portion of the project took place in December 2014. It was postponed in July 2017. Ocean Wind 1 and 2 (New Jersey). Canceled by Ørsted due to poor financial outlook in 2023. Icebreaker Wind (Lake Erie, Ohio) 21 MW, placed on hold in 2023. Skipjack Wind Farm Park City Wind

See also

Atlantic Wind Connection Energy Policy Act of 2005 List of wind farms List of offshore wind farms Lists of offshore wind farms by country Wind power in the United States

Notes

External links Offshore Renewable Activities – Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Offshore Wind Energy – US Department of Energy Offshore Wind Power Hub Offshore Wind Market Report 2024 Edition – NREL Northeast Ocean Data: Offshore Wind Projects American Clean Power: Offshore Wind