Elections to the Philippine Legislature were held on June 6, 1922 pursuant to the Jones Law of 1916 which prescribed elections for every three years. Votes elected 90 members of the House of Representatives in the Philippine House of Representatives elections; and 11 out of 24 members of the Senate in the Philippine Senate elections.

Background With Senate President Manuel Quezon and House Speaker Sergio Osmeña battled for their ambition and power, it resulted on a leadership crisis, which divides their co-founded party, Nacionalista into Collectivista (Pro-Quezon) vs Unipersonalista (Pro-Osmeña). Quezon stated that Osmeña "lead like a dictator", which the former said should not be tolerated. Also, Quezon campaigned for a "collective leadership".

Senators and representatives did separate meetings on December 16, 1921. Osmeña left his post from House speakership to gain support from colleagues. Two days later, Osmeña got the support by passing a resolution from representatives backed to support him. He also stated that he's "the de facto leader of the ruling party in government at present", which Quezon strengthen his "dictatorial leadership" narrative against Osmeña.

Governor General Leonard Wood attempted to reconcile the two, which creating a special council. But, due to its membership dominated by Unipersonalitas, Quezon resigned as Senate President on January 10, 1922. Osmeña begged Quezon to withdraw his resignation but Quezon refused. Osmeña then resigned as Nacionalista leader due to the severity of the leadership crisis.

Quezon also groomed Capiz Representative Manuel Roxas to topple Osmeña for speakership.

Even though Osmeña successfully campaigned for a Senate seat (5th district) which includes his hometown Cebu, Quezon managed to retain his Senate presidency, with Roxas snatched House speakership against Unipersonalista's Mariano Cuenco.

Results

Senate election results 1266ColectivistaDemocrataUnipersonalista

House election results

3529263Nacionalista Colectivista Nacionalista Unipersonalista Democrata

Popular culture The election's results is featured on 2025 movie Quezon.

See also 6th Philippine Legislature 1922 Philippine House of Representatives elections 1922 Philippine Senate elections

References

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