Sagunto was a wooden-hulled Spanish Navy () armored frigate commissioned in 1877. A very lengthy construction period and design flaws in her construction led to a short service life of only ten years, and she was decommissioned in 1887 and stricken from the naval register in 1891.
Sagunto was named for the Siege of Saguntum,Silverstone, p. 395 an event in 219 BC that triggered the Second Punic War.
Design and description
Segunto was long at the waterline, had a beam of and a draft of .de Saint Hubert, p. 23 She displaced and was fitted with a ram bow.Silverstone, p. 389 Her crew consisted of 554 officers and enlisted men.
The ship was fitted with a pair of imported Forges et Chantiers de la Méditerranée compound-expansion steam engines that drove one propeller shaft using steam provided by eight cylindrical boilers. The engines were rated at a nominal total of or and gave Sagunto a speed of The ironclad carried a maximum of of coal.Lyon, p. 381 She was fitted with a three-masted ship rig with a sail area of .de Saint Hubert, pp. 22, 24
The frigate's main battery was originally intended to consist of thirty smoothbore guns mounted on the broadside, but she was completed with eight single Armstrong-Whitworth rifled muzzle-loading (RML) guns on the main deck arranged on the central-battery principle. On the upper deck were two Trubia RML guns, one on each broadside, and another in the forecastle as the forward chase gun. By 1883, the Trubia guns had been replaced by Palliser RMLs of the same caliber.de Saint Hubert, p. 28
Sagunto had a complete wrought iron waterline belt of armor plates. Above the belt, the guns, except for the chase gun, were protected by an equal thickness of armor. The ends of the ship and the deck were unarmored.de Saint Hubert, pp. 22–23
Construction and commissioning Sources provide two different accounts of Sagunto′s construction. According to one, she was ordered in December 1862 as the 100-gun ship of the line Principe Don Alfonso. She was laid down at the Reales Astilleros de Esteiro (Esteiro Royal Shipyard) in Ferrol, Spain, on 21 March 1863 and renamed Segunto in 1868 while she was being converted into a central battery ironclad. She was launched on 26 April 1869 and commissioned on 1 February 1877.
According to another source, Sagunto was laid down in 1858 as the 100-gun ship of the line Principe Alfonso. In 1860, the Spanish government decided to construct her as an armored frigate instead, and this was authorized on 5 October 1862 at a cost of an additional 1,401,151 pesetas. She was renamed Sagunto on 13 October 1868 and was launched on 26 April 1869. Designed to reach a speed of , she could do no better than during sea trials. Modifications to her stern and propeller followed to correct the problem, and these changes resulted in her achieving a speed of . Renamed Amadeo I by a Royal Order of 13 February 1871 and Sagunto again by an order of 4 March 1873, she finally was completed in 1877, 19 years after she was laid down as a ship of the line and 15 years after the authorization of her construction as an ironclad. Her total construction cost was 7,230,049 pesetas.
Service history In 1880, Sagunto began an assignment to the Training Squadron, commanded by Contralmirante (Counter Admiral) José Polo de Bernabé y Mordella. During the summer of 1881, Sagunto and other ships of the squadron (the armored frigate , the screw frigates , Carmén, and , the screw corvette , the screw schooner , and the gunboat ) operated in the waters off Galicia during a visit to the Galician estuaries by King Alfonso XII and Queen Maria Christina. With Sagunto serving as Polo de Bernabé's flagship, the squadron conducted maneuvers in their presence on 9 August, after which the monarchs and the Minister of the Navy, Admiral Francisco de Paula Pavía Pavía, embarked on Sagunto on 13 August and the squadron proceeded to La Coruña and then to Villagarcía de Arosa, which it reached on 15 August. On 18 August, the squadron departed Marín with the king and queen aboard Sagunto; the monarchs disembarked at Vigo on 19 August. On 25 August, the king and queen boarded Pelícano to visit Bayonne, France. Finally, Alfonso XII and Maria Christina concluded their visit to the squadron with a voyage to Santander aboard Sagunto, while Villa de Madrid remained behind at Vigo and the rest of the ships proceeded to Ferrol at the end of August 1881.
By 1885 Sagunto′s wooden hull was entirely rotten,Conway's, p. 381. and she was placed in reserve in 1886 and declared obsolete in 1887 after only ten years of service. Her lengthy construction period and the rapid deterioration of her hull both contributed to her short service life.
Final disposition Sagunto was stricken from the naval register in 1891. In February 1893, the Spanish government ordered her sale at auction, but she attracted no buyers. She continued to serve, hulked as a floating jetty, until 1896, when a scrap dealer in Palma de Mallorca on Mallorca in the Balearic Islands acquired her. She was scrapped at Palma de Mallorca in 1897.
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