The Martapura River () is a river in southeast Borneo, Indonesia.Rand McNally, The New International Atlas, 1993.Sungai Martapura - Geonames.org. It is a tributary of the Barito River. Other names for the river are Banjar Kecil River or Kayutangi River and due to many activities of Chinese merchants in the past in the downstream area also called China River.James Cook, A collection of voyages round the world: performed by royal authority. Containing a complete historical account of Captain Cook's first, second, third and last voyages, undertaken for making new discoveries, &c. ... To which are added genuine narratives of other voyages of discovery round the world, Printed for A. Millar, W. Law, and R. Cater, 1790 It merges with the Barito River in Banjarmasin, flowing from the source in Martapura, Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan.Eriza Islakul Ulmi, Nilna Amal. Kajian Ekohidraulik Sungai Martapura. Program Studi Teknik Sipil, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarbaru.
Etymology The river name is taken from the city of Martapura, which was the capital of Banjar Kingdom in around 1630, specifically in the area of Kayu Tangi (hence also the name "Kayutangi River"). Mohamad Idwar Saleh, Banjarmasih: sejarah singkat mengenai bangkit dan berkembangnya kota Banjarmasin serta wilayah sekitarnya sampai dengan tahun 1950, Museum Negeri Lambung Mangkurat Propinsi Kalimantan Selatan, Direktorat Permuseuman, Direktorat Jenderal Kebudayaan, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, 1982 Another name is "Tatas River" (Indonesian: Sungai Tatas), pointing to the delta Tatas, which in 1787 was acquired by the Dutch East India Company (now the downtown of modern-day Banjarmasin).
Hydrology The watershed area (Indonesian: daerah aliran sungai) of Martapura is , with the main river length of , and with all tributaries has a total length of , giving a river density level of . The elevation difference between the upstream and downstream is , yielding a river gradient of 0.022%. The upstream area is the Riam Kanan Dam.Sobatnu, Ferry; Irawan, Faris Ade; Salim, Agus. Identifikasi dan Pemetaan Morfometri Daerah Aliran Sungai Martapura menggunakan teknologi GIS. Jurnal Gradasi Teknik Sipil. 2017. Vol 1, No. 2. Halaman 45-52.
Geography The river flows in the southeast area of Borneo with a predominantly tropical rainforest climate (designated as Af in the Köppen-Geiger climate classification). The annual average temperature in the area is . The warmest month is October, when the average temperature is around , and the coldest is July, at . The average annual rainfall is . The wettest month is February, with an average of rainfall, and the driest is September, with a rainfall.
Gallery
See also List of drainage basins of Indonesia List of rivers of Indonesia List of rivers of Kalimantan
References
External links
China River (Martapura River) in a historical map