Sharif Abubakar Abirin Al-Hashmi (17 November 1405 – ?), better known by his regnal name Sharif ul-Hashim, was the founder and first Sultan of Sulu.
During his reigning era, he promulgated the first Sulu code of laws called Diwan that were based on Quran. He introduced Islamic political institutions and the consolidation of Islam as the state religion.
Origins and personal life Very little is known about the Sunni Sufi scholar Sharif ul-Hashim's early life. Born in Johore (in present-day Malaysia), his proper name was known to be Sayyid Abu Bakr bin Abirin Al-Hashmi, while his regal name was known as (), or "The Master (Paduka) His Majesty (Mahasari), Protector (Maulana) and (al) Sultan (Sultan), Sharif (Sharif) of (ul-) Hashim (Hashim)". [The Sharif of Hashim part is a reference to his nobility as a descendant of Hashim clan, a clan the Islamic prophet Muhammad was a part of.] His regnal name is often shortened to Sharif ul-Hashim. He was a scholar of the Shafi'i Madh'hab and the Ash'ari Aqeeda.Rampai sejarah: meniti sejarah silam. (2005). Brunei Darussalam: Pusat Sejarah Brunei, Kementerian Kebudayaan, Belia dan Sukan.
Abubakar bin Abirin bore the titles Sayyid (alternatively spelled Saiyid, Sayyed, Seyyed, Sayed, Seyed, Syed, Seyd) and Shareef, an honorific that denotes he was an accepted descendant of the Islamic prophet Muhammad through both the Imams Hassan and Hussain. His name is also alternatively spelled Sayyid wal-Shareef Abu Bakr ibn Abirin Al-Hashmi. He was a Najeeb Al-Tarfayn Sayyid.
The genealogy of Sultan Sharif ul-Hashim describes him as a descendant of Muhammad, through his maternal bloodline, Sayyed Zainul Abidin of Hadhramaut, Yemen, who belongs to the fourteenth generation of Hussain, the grandson of Muhammad.Genealogy of Sultan Sharif Ul-Hashim of Sulu Sultanate website accessed on 23 November 2010. He was from the Ba 'Alawiyya of Yemen, along with the other known missionaries locally known as 'Lumpang Basih'.Quiling, Mucha-Shim (2020). "Lumpang Basih". Journal of Studies on Traditional Knowledge in Sulu Archipelago and Its People, and in the Neighboring Nusantara.
Descendants Sultan Sharif Ul-Hashim's descendants include:. . Sharif Kamal ud-Din, his eldest son and successor, reigning from 1480–1505. Sultan Sharif Ala ud-Din, his son, not proclaimed as sultan of Sulu. Sultan Sharif Mu-izz ul-Mutawadi-in, his grandson, who was sultan from 1527–1548.
See also Sharif ‘Ali ibn ‘Ajlan ibn Rumaithah ibn Muhammad Sultans of Sulu
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