General elections were held in Spanish Guinea on 22 September 1968 to elect a President and National Assembly that would lead the country when it gained independence as Equatorial Guinea later that year. A second round of the presidential election was held on 29 September.
Francisco Macías Nguema of the Popular Idea led the field in the first round, advancing to a runoff with Prime Minister Bonifacio Ondó Edú. With the endorsement of eliminated candidates Atanasio Ndongo and Edmundo Bossio, Macías Nguema defeated Ondó Edú in the runoff. Ondó Edú's National Unity Movement and Ndongo's National Liberation Movement won ten seats each in the National Assembly, while the Popular Idea won eight.Elections in Equatorial Guinea African Elections Database Voter turnout was 67 percent in the first round and 79 percent in the second round.
After Macias Nguema's victory, he appointed Ndongo as Equatorial Guinea's first Foreign Minister and Bossio as Vice-President, while he ordered Ondó Edú's execution shortly after independence. To date, it has been the only free election ever held in Equatorial Guinea. Over the next four years, Macias Nguema consolidated his power step by step; in 1970 he set up the United National Workers' Party as the only legally permitted party in the country and by 1972 he had declared himself President for Life with dictatorial powers. As a result, the 1968 elections would be the last contested elections held in the country until 1993.
Results President
First round results by region DistrictInvalid/blankBosióOndóNdongoMacías Fernando Po 21 4,795 351 3,970 373 Annobón 0 0 575 1 0 Río Muni 1256 0 31,015 13,976 36,329 Corisco y Elobeyes 4 0 0 276 14Total 1,281 4,795 31,941 18,223 36,716Source: Álvarez Chillida
Second round results by region DistrictInvalid/blankOndóMacías Fernando Po 9 338 9,259 Annobón 0 715 1 Río Muni 528 40,197 58,708 Corisco y Elobeyes 0 4 342Total 537 41,254 68,310Source: Álvarez Chillida
First round results by district DistrictInvalid/blankBosióOndóNdongoMacías San Carlos 11 1,828 74 697 30 San Fernando 0 191 40 664 49 Santa Isabel 10 2,776 237 2,609 294 Annobón 0 0 575 1 0 Acurenam 14 0 3,567 437 85 Bata 32 0 1439 4,818 2,438 Ebebiyín 471 0 2,739 197 12,207 Evinayong 1 0 10,454 180 62 Micomeseng 272 0 1,519 121 6946 Mongomo 9 0 1116 33 4,787 N'sorc 37 0 2,261 137 1,850 Puerto Iradier 9 0 615 4,314 27 Río Benito 331 0 1,680 3,055 50 Niefang 37 0 3,395 546 3397 Valladolid 43 0 2,230 149 4480 Corisco y Elobeyes 4 0 0 276 14Total 1,281 4,795 31,941 18,223 36,716Source: Álvarez Chillida
Second round results by district DistrictInvalid/blankOndóMacías San Carlos 2 67 2,780 San Fernando 0 48 844 Santa Isabel 7 223 5,635 Annobón 0 715 1 Acurenam 49 4,376 425 Bata 54 2,288 7,990 Ebebiyín 247 3107 14,238 Evinayong 5 12047 74 Micomeseng 8 1,650 8,149 Mongomo 50 1,290 5,863 N'sorc 47 3,594 2,553 Puerto Iradier 33 1,150 5,482 Río Benito 2 2,977 3,763 Niefang 21 4,701 4,381 Valladolid 12 3,017 5,790 Corisco y Elobeyes 0 4 342Total 537 41,254 68,310Source: Álvarez Chillida
National Assembly
Votes by constituency ConstituencyMUN(Pro-Ondó)MONALIGE (Pro-Macías)MONALIGE (Pro-Ndongo)IPUBMUN(Pro-Macías)Fernando Po 347 3.7 381 4.0 3,974 41.8 – – 4,975 50.5 – –Annobón 575 99.8 – – 1 0.2 – – – – – –Río Muni 31,014 38.0 24,281 29.7 13,940 17.1 8,397 10.3 – – 4,010 4.9Corisco y Elobeyes – – 14 4.9 276 95.1 – – – – – –
Seats by constituency ConstituencyTotalseatsSeats wonMUN(Pro-Ondó)MONALIGE (Pro-Macías)MONALIGE (Pro-Ndongo)IPUBFernando Po1257Annobón22Río Muni198632Corisco y Elobeyes22Total351061027
Elected members
Alfredo King Tomas Ángel Etugu Oguono Antonio Eworo Obama Antonio Ndongo Armando Balboa Clemente Ateba Nso Cristina Makoli Cristóbal Ondó Alogo Domicilio Sila Enrique Ncuna Ndongo Federico Makendengue Eouabo Gaspar Copariate Burkbake Gustavo Watson Buebake Juan Bestue Juan Nguema Julio Ngundi Nadjaba Lorenza Matute Manuel Gerona Hombria Manuel Nguema Obono Marcelino Ngale Econo Marcelo Epám Uri Mariano Ganet Bokuo Mariano Mba Michá Martín Esono Ndongo Maximiliano Michá Primo José Escono Micá Raimundo Ela Nvé Ramon Itanguino Elambani Ricardo Bolopá Esape Roberto Jora Salvador Boleko Ripole Saturnino Ibongo Ivanga Sebastián Oburu Masie Pastor Torao Sikara Salvador Nsamio NsemaRafael de Mendizábal Allende (2018) Misión en África. La descolonización de Guinea Ecuatorial (1968-1969) p102Africa; revista de acción española, Volume 25, p24
References