Dostoevsky () is a Belarusian toponymic surname referring to a person from the Belarusian village Dostoyevo. The feminine form is Dostoevskaya. Notable people with the surname include:
Fyodor Dostoevsky (1821–1881), Russian writer and essayist Anna Dostoevskaya, second wife of Fyodor Andrey Dostoevsky (1825–1897), Fyodor's brother, an architect Lyubov Dostoevskaya, second daughter of Fyodor Mikhail Dostoevsky (1820–1864), Fyodor's brother, short story writer and publisher
See also MS Fyodor Dostoevsky, the cruise ship L. Tolstoy and Dostoyevsky, an essay by Dmitry Merezhkovsky
References