Bilibin (masculine, Russian: Били́бин) or Bilibina (feminine, Russian: Били́бина) is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Ivan Bilibin (1876–1942), Russian illustrator and stage designer Maria Chambers-Bilibin (1874–1962), Russian–English illustrator and graphic artist Viktor Bilibin (1859–1908), Russian writer and playwright Yuri Alexandrovich Bilibin (1901–1952), Russian geologist