A castellania was the smallest administrative subdivision of land in parts of medieval Europe.

Castellania may also refer to:

Castellania Coppi, a commune in Alessandria, Italy Castellania (Valletta), the former law courts in Valletta, Malta Terra Alta (comarca) or Castellania, a comarca in Catalonia, Spain Inquisitor's Palace or Castellania, a palace in Birgu, Malta

See also Castellan, the governor or captain of a castellany and its castle Castellana (disambiguation)