Slovak names consist of a given name and surname. Slovakia uses the Western name order with the given name being listed before surname. However, there is a historical tradition to reverse this order, especially in official contexts including administrative papers and legal documents, as well as on gravestones and memorials.
Most Slovaks do not have a middle name. The family name forms for men and women are distinct in Slovakia, making it possible to identify gender from the name alone. As of 2003 there were 185,288 different family names in use among 5.4 million Slovaks, or one family name for every 29 citizens. There is an estimated 90,000 lineages in Slovakia. With marriage, the bride typically adopts the bridegroom's surname. Slovak names are very similar to Czech names.
Given names
Given names in Slovakia are called baptismal names () despite being completely different from the Christian baptismal names. Proper baptismal names given during infant baptism are still common in the countryside, yet they are only seldom used within the official name (if they are, they form the person's middle name). Generally, names in Slovakia can be of several distinct origins: Slavic names of pre-Christian origin (e.g. Dobromil) Christian names often inspired by saints (e.g. Vojtech) Names of past kings and rulers (e.g. Ladislav) Modern names (e.g. Lukas) Names of ethnic minorities living in Slovakia (e.g. Béla)
+ Most common given names in Slovakia (as of 2010) Male names Total people Female names Total people Jozef 175,593 Mária 225,471 Ján 174,949 Anna 161,812 Peter 158,593 Zuzana 88,276 Martin 87,283 Katarína 88,001 Štefan 80,647 Eva 85,952 Milan 78,781 Jana 85,518 Michal 78,548 Helena 66,898 Miroslav 78,093 Monika 48,667 Tomáš 59,653 Marta 47,586 Ladislav 58,927 Martina 44,738
Surnames Surnames differ according to gender. Normally, the feminine form is created by adding suffix "ová" to the masculine form (e.g. Bača would be Bačová). If the surname is derived from adjectives, the ý suffix is replaced with á. Because Slovakia also has people with Hungarian, German, and other ancestors, some surnames in Slovakia will follow the convention of those languages and not conform to these norms.
Some popular surnames include: Derived from profession: Kováč – Smith Mlynár – Miller Bača – shepherd Rybár – fisher Kráľ – king Pekár – baker Kuchár – cook Mäsiar – butcher Holič – barber Maliar – painter Kľúčiar – key maker Mečiar – sword maker Sklenár – glassmaker. Derived from adjectives: Čierny – black Biely – white Suchý – dry Mokrý – wet Slaný – salty Smutný – sad Šťastný – happy/lucky Malý – small Široký – wide Tichý – quiet Surový – raw Others: Koreň – root Chren – horseradish Repa – beet Slanina – bacon Polievka – soup Cibuľka – little onion Malina – raspberry Dobrovodský – good water Holub – pigeon Chrobák – beetle Komár – mosquito Medvedík – little bear Koleno – knee Mráz – frost Okienka – little window Otčenáš – our father Bezdeda – without a grandpa Dolina – valley Kocur – tomcat
See also Slavic surnames Name days in Slovakia Czech name Slovak identity card
References
External links Czech and Slovak given names