This is a list of currently active separatist movements in America. Separatism includes autonomism and secessionism.
Criteria What is and is not considered an autonomist or secessionist movement is sometimes contentious. Entries on this list must meet three criteria: They are active movements with active members. They are seeking greater autonomy or self-determination for a geographic region (as opposed to personal autonomy). They are citizens / people of the conflict area and do not come from another country.
Under each region listed is one or more of the following: De facto state (de facto entity): for regions without diplomatic recognition but with de facto autonomy. Proposed state: proposed name for a seceding sovereign state. Proposed autonomous area: for movements towards greater autonomy for an area but not outright secession. De facto autonomous government: for governments with de facto autonomous control over a region. Government-in-exile: for a government based outside of the region in question, with or without control. Political party (or parties): for political parties involved in a political system to push for autonomy or secession. Militant organisation(s): for armed organisations. Advocacy group(s): for non-belligerent, non-politically participatory entities. Ethnic / ethnoreligious / racial / regional / religious group(s).
Antigua and Barbuda Barbuda Proposed state: Independence for Barbuda or federalism Political parties: Barbuda People's Movement
Belize
Toledo District Ethnic group: Maya peoples Proposed: autonomy for Maya peoples in southern Belize Political party: Maya Leaders Alliance
Canada
Proposed: Independence for Alberta or unification with the Political parties: Independence Party of Alberta, Wildrose Independence Party of Alberta, Wildrose Loyalty Coalition, Republican Party of Alberta (Unification with USA) Advocacy groups: Stay Free Alberta, Alberta Prosperity Project
Blackfoot Confederacy Ethnic group: Blackfoot Proposed: independence for Blackfoot Confederacy
Proposed state: British Columbia Political party: Progressive Nationalist Party of British Columbia, BC Independence Party
Northeast British Columbia Proposed: independence for Northeast British Columbia
Cape Breton Island Proposed: Breaking Cape Breton Island off from or have autonomy
Proposed: Independence or Sovereignty for Cascadia Advocacy group: Cascadia Department of Bioregion
Haida Gwaii Ethnic group: Haida Proposed: independence for Council of the Haida Nation Advocacy group: Council of the Haida Nation
Heiltsuk Nation Ethnic group: Heiltsuk Proposed: self determination for Heiltsuk Nation
Ethnic group: Inuit, Innu and Labradorians Proposed: Splitting Labrador as an independent Province
Newfoundland Proposed: independence for Newfoundland
Northern Ontario Proposed: Splitting Northern Ontario out as an independent Province Political party: Northern Ontario Party
Northwestern Ontario Proposed: statehood for Northwestern Ontario
Nunavik Ethnic group: Inuit Proposed: autonomy for Nunavik
Nuxalk Proposed state: Nuxalk Nation Advocacy group: Nuxalk Nation (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization until 2008)
Proposed: Independence for Quebec or autonomy Civil organization: Saint-Jean-Baptiste Society, Mouvement national des Québécois et des Québécoises (MNQ), Rassemblement pour l'indépendance du Québec (RIQ), Les Intellectuels pour la souveraineté (IPSO), Mouvement de libération nationale du Québec (MLNQ), Réseau de Résistance du Québécois (RRQ) Political parties (secessionist): Parti Québécois, Bloc Québécois, Québec solidaire, Communist Party of Canada, Marxist–Leninist Party of Quebec, Climat Québec Political parties (autonomist): Coalition Avenir Québec, Équipe Autonomiste
Proposed: Independence for Saskatchewan Political party: Buffalo Party of Saskatchewan Advocacy group: Saskatchewan Prosperity Project
Vancouver Island Proposed: Breaking Vancouver Island off from British Columbia to create a new province or independence
Western Canada Proposed state: West Canada (includes Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, and Saskatchewan as well as (sometimes) Yukon, the Northwest Territories and Nunavut) Political party: Maverick Party, Wildrose Independence Party of Alberta, Buffalo Party of Saskatchewan
Colombia
Proposed state or autonomous area: Raizal State Advocacy group: Archipelago Movement for Ethnic Native Self-Determination (AMEN-SD)
Costa Rica
Limón Province Proposed: independence for Limón Province Advocacy group: Limón Soberano
Cuba
Isla de la Juventud Ethnic group: Mestizo Proposed: independence or greater autonomy for Isla de la Juventud
Denmark
Ethnic group: Greenlandic Inuit, Danish Greenlanders, others Proposed: Independence for Greenland Political parties: Inuit Ataqatigiit, Siumut, Naleraq and Nunatta Qitornai.
Dominican Republic Cibao Proposed state: República del Cibao or autonomy Advocacy group: MiCibao
France
Guadeloupe Proposed state: Republic of Guadeloupe Political parties: United Guadeloupe, Solidary and Responsible, Progressive Democratic Party of Guadeloupe political party (autonomist): Guadeloupe Communist Party
Proposed state: Republic of Martinique Political party: Martinican Independence Movement, Build the Martinique Country, Péyi-A political party (autonomist): Martinican Progressive Party
Grenada
Carriacou and Petite Martinique Proposed: greater autonomy for Carriacou and Petite Martinique
Haiti
Gonâve Island Proposed state: Gonâve Island or autonomy Advocacy group: La Gonâve en avant Jatibonicu Taino Tribal Nation
South Haiti
Grand'Anse, Sud, Sud-Est and Nippes Proposed: autonomy for south Haiti
Honduras
Coastal Departments of Honduras Ethnic group: Garifuna Proposed: autonomy for the Garifuna Political party: Organización Fraternal Negra Hondureña
Mexico
Autonomist movements
Ethnic group: Mayans, Tzotzil De facto autonomous area: Rebel Zapatista Autonomous Municipalities Militant organization: Zapatista Army of National Liberation
Triqui Ethnic group: Triqui Proposed autonomous area: Oaxaca Militant organization: Movement for Triqui Autonomy
El Norte / Aridoamerica Ethnic groups: Norteño people Proposed state: Aridoamerican Confederacy Advocate group: Proyecto Aridoamerica A.C. Partido Aridoamericano Proposed state: Royal Republic of Nuevo León Advocacy group: National Anti-AMLO Front(FRENAA)
Baja California Proposed: independence for Baja California Advocacy group: Sí Baja California
Netherlands
Proposed: Independence for Curaçao Political parties: Movement for the Future of Curaçao, Sovereign People Referendums: 1993 and 2005
Proposed: Independence for Aruba Political party: People's Electoral Movement (Aruba) Referendum: 1977
Proposed: Independence, autonomy or unification with Saint Martin Political party: Unified Resilient St. Maarten Movement Referendums: 1994 and 2000
Proposed: independence or autonomy for Political party: Bonaire Democratic Party
Proposed: independence for Advocacy group: People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
Nicaragua
Miskitu Ethnic group: Miskito people Proposed: Greater autonomy or Independence for Miskitu Political party: General Assembly of the Council of Elders
Panama
Madungandí Ethnic group: Guna people Proposed: Establishment of a second Guna reserve Advocates: Guna people
Bocas del Toro Province Ethnic group: Bribri people Proposed: autonomy for the Bribri people in the Bocas del Toro Province Advocacy group: Consejo General del Territorio Bribri
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Proposed: Greater autonomy for Nevis Political parties: Nevis Reformation Party, Concerned Citizens' Movement
Trinidad and Tobago
Tobago Proposed: Greater autonomy or independence for Tobago Political party: Tobago Organisation of the People,Progressive Democratic Patriots,Tobago Forwards, One Tobago Voice
United States
Regional & ideological movement Proposed state: Republic of Alaska Political party: Alaskan Party (1973-2025)
Ethnic group: Chicano Movement, Chicano Proposed: Greater autonomy for Aztlán Advocacy groups: MEChA (Movimiento Estudiantil Chicano de Aztlán, "Chicano Student Movement of Aztlán"), Freedom Road Socialist Organization, which calls for self-determination for the Chicano nation in Aztlan up to and including the right to secession.
Proposed state or autonomous area: Second Californian Republic / New California or autonomy Regional & ideological movement Advocacy groups: Yes California, Californians for Independence Political parties: California National Party, California Freedom Coalition
Proposed: Independence or Sovereignty for Cascadia Advocacy group: Cascadia Department of Bioregion
Deseret Religious group: Mormons Proposed state or autonomous region: Deseret Advocacy groups: Deseret nationalists (#DezNat)
Proposed: Independence for Florida Ethnic group: Floridanos and other Hispanics and Latinos in Florida, Portuguese, Haitians, Other West Indies People, Indigenous peoples of Florida (Including: Seminoles and Miccosukee) Political Party: Independence Party of Florida (1999-2017)
Regional & ideological movement Proposed state: Advocacy group: Free Louisiana
Native Americans Proposed states and/or autonomous regions: Multiple Advocacy groups: Lakota Freedom Movement, Mohawk Warrior Society, American Indian Movement, American Indian Movement of Colorado, International Indian Treaty Council, Red Power movement
New Afrika
Ethnic group: African Americans Proposed state or autonomous region: Republic of New Afrika Advocacy group: Pan-Africanists Black Radical Congress, Moorish sovereign citizens, Nuwaubian Nation, Huey P. Newton Gun Club, Black Lives Matter (Factions) Political parties: New Black Panther Party, African People's Socialist Party, Not Fucking Around Coalition, Black Hammer Party, Revolutionary Black Panther Party, Black Riders Liberation Party, Washitaw Nation
Regional & ideological movement Proposed state: Advocacy group: New England Independence Campaign
Regional & ideological movement Proposed state: Movement: NHEXIT
Northwest Territorial Imperative
Racial group: Whites Proposed state: Northwest American Republic
Southern United States Proposed state or autonomous region: Confederate States of America or Southern United States or Dixie or Dixieland Advocacy groups: League of the South, other neo-Confederate and non-confederate southern separatist groups.
Proposed state or autonomous area: Republic of Texas Texas independence movements seek independence for their state Advocacy group: Texas Nationalist Movement
Proposed state or autonomous area: Vermont Republic Political party: Vermont Independence Party Green Mountain Anarchist Collective (Anarchist) Advocacy group: Second Vermont Republic
Territories
Proposed: Independence, statehood, autonomy, independence under free association or reunification with Spain as an autonomous community Political party: Puerto Rican Independence Party (PIP), Puerto Rican independence movement Advocacy groups: Nationalist Party of Puerto Rico,Hostosian National Independence Movement(MINH), Socialist Front (FS), Movimiento Puertorriqueño Reunificacionista con España (MPRE) Militant organization: Boricua Popular Army (Macheteros), Cadets of the Republic
Virgin Islands Proposed: Republic of the Virgin Islands or greater autonomy for the United States Virgin Islands or unification with the British Virgin Islands Political party: Independent Citizens Movement
United Kingdom
Proposed: greater autonomy or independence for
Bermuda 1995 Bermudian independence referendum Proposed state: Bermuda Political party: Progressive Labour Party (Bermuda), One Bermuda Alliance (historically), Gombey Liberation Movement
Cayman Islands
Proposed state Cayman Islands