The subfamily Emarginulinae, common name keyhole limpets and slit limpets, is a taxonomic subfamily of limpet-like sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Fissurellidae, the keyhole limpets and slit limpets.Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2012). Emarginulinae. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=224510 on 2013-01-01
The subfamily consists of the following tribes:Taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005) Tribe Emarginulini Children, 1834 - synonyms: Rimulidae, Anton, 1838; Zeidoridae Naef, 1913; Hemitominae Kuroda, Habe & Oyama, 1971; Clypidinidae Golikov & Starobogatov, 1989 Tribe Diodorini Odhner, 1932: this tribe has been raised to the rank of subfamily Diodorinae Odhner, 1932 Aktipis S.W., Boehm E. & Giribet G. (2011) Another step towards understanding the slit-limpets (Fissurellidae, Fissurelloidea, Vetigastropoda, Gastropoda): a combined five-gene molecular phylogeny. Zoologica Scripta 40: 238-259 Tribe Fissurellideini Pilsbry, 1890 Tribe Scutini Christiaens, 1973
Of the subfamilies in Fissurellidae, the subfamily Emarginulinae is the oldest: its earliest known species date back to the Mesozoic.
The various tribes belong to this subfamily because of the unifying features in their radula. Several tribes were formerlysynonym of subfamilies, because of the differences in their shell. The Emargulini have a caplike shell with a slit in the margin but without an apical opening (foramen). The Scutini have a flat shield-shaped shell with a vague indentation at the back. The other tribes have a caplike shell with a round, oval or triangular apical opening.
The species of this subfamily can be found attached to rocks or coral. They are Herbivores.
Genera Agariste Monterosato, 1892 Altrix Palmer, 1942 Arginula Palmer, 1937 Buchanania Lesson, 1831 Clathrosepta McLean & Geiger, 1998 Clypidina Gray, 1847 Emarginella Pilsbry, 1891 Emarginula Lamarck, 1801 † Entomella Cossmann, 1888 Fissurisepta Seguenza, 1863 Laeviemarginula Habe, 1953 Laevinesta Pilsbry & McGinty, 1952 Manganesepta McLean & Geiger, 1998 Montfortula Iredale, 1915 † Palaeoloxotoma Hansen, 201 Parmaphorella Strebel, 1907 Pupillaea Gray, 1835 Rixa Iredale, 1924 Scelidotoma McLean, 1966 Scutus Montfort, 1810 Stromboli Berry, 1954 Tugali Gray, 1843 Tugalina Habe, 1953 Vacerrena Iredale, 1958 Taxa inquirenda Clypidella Swainson, 1840 Rimulanax Iredale, 1924 (possible synonym of Puncturella)
Synonyms Aviscutum Iredale, 1940synonym of Scutus Montfort, 1810 Entomella Cotton, 1945synonym of Emarginula Lamarck, 1801 (invalid: junior homonym of Entomella Cossmann, 1888; Notomella is a replacement name) † Loxotoma P. Fischer, 1885 synonym of † Palaeoloxotoma Hansen, 2019 (invalid: junior homonym of Loxotoma Zeller, 1854 [Lepidoptera]; Palaeoloxotoma is a replacement name) Nannoscutum Iredale, 1937synonym of Scutus Montfort, 1810 Notomella Cotton, 1957synonym of Emarginula Lamarck, 1801 Parmophoridea Wenz, 1938synonym of Parmaphorella Strebel, 1907 (unnecessary replacement name) Parmophorus Blainville, 1817synonym of Scutus Montfort, 1810 (unnecessary substitute name for Scutus) Plagiorhytis P. Fischer, 1885synonym of Montfortula Iredale, 1915 (Invalid: junior homonym of Plagiorhytis Chaudoir, 1848) Rimularia Bronn, 1838synonym of Rimula Defrance, 1827 (unjustified emendation of Rimula Defrance, 1827) Scutum P. Fischer, 1885synonym of Scutus Montfort, 1810 (invalid: unjustified emendation of Scutus) Semperia Crosse, 1867synonym of Emarginula Lamarck, 1801 Subzeidora Iredale, 1924synonym of Emarginula (Subzeidora) Iredale, 1924 represented as Emarginula Lamarck, 1801 Tugalia Gray, 1857synonym of Tugali Gray, 1843 Vacerra Iredale, 1924synonym of Vacerrena Iredale, 1958 (invalid: junior homonym of Vacerra Godman, 1900 [Lepidoptera];Vacerrena is a replacement name) Variegemarginula McLean, 2011synonym of Montfortula Iredale, 1915
References
Children J.G. (1834). [Mollusca]. pp. 88–118, in: Synopsis of the contents of the British Museum, ed. 28: 88–118. [Authorship attributed to Children after G. Steiner & A.R. Kabat, 2001, Zoosystema, 23(3): 454-45] Bouchet P., Rocroi J.P., Hausdorf B., Kaim A., Kano Y., Nützel A., Parkhaev P., Schrödl M. & Strong E.E. (2017). Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families. Malacologia. 61(1–2): 1-526
External links Pilsbry, H. A. (1890-1891). Manual of conchology, structural and systematic, with illustrations of the species. (1)12: Stomatellidae, Scissurellidae, Pleurotomariidae, Haliotidae, Scutellinidae, Addisoniidae, Cocculinidae, Fissurellidae, pp. 1-192, pls 1-45 , 193-323, pls 46-65 . Philadelphia, Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences