Warriston Cemetery is a cemetery in Edinburgh. It lies in Warriston, one of the northern suburbs of Edinburgh, Scotland. It was built by the then newly-formed Edinburgh Cemetery Company, and occupies around 9.24 hectares / 22.8 acres of land on a slightly sloping site. It contains many tens of thousands of graves, including notable Victorian and Edwardian figures, the most eminent being the physician Sir James Young Simpson.
It is located on the north side of the Water of Leith, and has an impressive landscape; partly planned, partly unplanned due to recent neglect. It lies in the Inverleith Conservation Area and is also a designated Local Nature Conservation Site.Edinburgh City Local Plan, Jan 2010 The cemetery is protected as a Category A listed building.
In July 2013 the Friends of Warriston Cemetery was inaugurated to reveal the heritage and to encourage appropriate biodiversity.
The address of the cemetery is 40C Warriston Gardens, Edinburgh EH3 5NE.
History
Designed in 1842 by Edinburgh architect David Cousin, the cemetery opened in 1843: the directors included Cousin and James Peddie (father of John Dick Peddie).National Library of Scotland: foundation papers
The first interment was towards the east, Margaret Parker, who was buried on 3 June 1843.
It was the first garden cemetery in Edinburgh, allowing the simplistic original title of The Edinburgh Cemetery, and provided a model for several other Scottish cemeteries. In its own right it was broadly based on ideas first introduced at Kensal Green Cemetery in London. Designed elements include a neo-Tudor line of catacombs. Their length was doubled in 1862 by architect John Dick Peddie.Buildings of Scotland: Edinburgh by Colin McWilliam The chapel that once stood on top of the catacombs was demolished by 1930.
Soon after instigation (in 1845) the cemetery was divided by the Edinburgh Leith and Newhaven Railway which was built east to west through its southern half. A tunnel was added, with Gothic archways at its mouths, to link the north and south sections, but the south being smaller, was the inferior area from this date onwards. The embankments of the railway have been partly removed following its closure in the 1950s, and the line is now a public walkway.
In 1929, the Edinburgh Cemetery Company expanded their business into the new field of cremation, converting East Warriston House (1818) into Warriston Crematorium on an adjacent site to the east. The architect was Sir Robert Lorimer, hence the title Lorimer Chapel for the main chapel. The crematorium was extended to the west in 1967 by the architect Esme Gordon.Buildings of Scotland: Edinburgh, by Gifford McWilliam and Walker The cemetery lodge to the north-west dates from 1931 and was designed by architect J. R. McKay.
The cemetery was in private ownership until 1994, when it was compulsorily purchased by the City of Edinburgh Council. The long task of restoring the heavily overgrown and vandalised cemetery has begun, but still has far to go. Currently, only the upper (westmost) section is maintained. Many sections are now so densely overgrown that the stones are no longer visible and are simply bumps in the green undergrowth.
The cemetery features areas overgrown with vegetation, with headstones and tombs covered in ivy and surrounded by deciduous trees.
Monuments of architectural note The Robertson Mausoleum was erected in 1865 for Mary Ann Robertson (1826–1858), daughter of Brigadier-General Manson of the Bombay Artillery. The white marble shrine contained a sculpture of a reclining female figure, and was topped by a red glass roof, leading to the local nickname, the Tomb of the Red Lady. The effigy of Mrs. Robertson and a series of incised scenes representing the Lord's Prayer on the exterior of the mausoleum were carved by sculptor Henry Stormonth Leifchild (1823–1884) The monument was heavily vandalised in the 1980s and 1990s and had to be demolished.
Sir James Young Simpson's grave remains visible but the lower section has been infilled with earth to provide space for further burial.
Several eminent sculptors' work is found in the cemetery, including a fine portrait of William Young, horticulturist (1816–1896) by William Birnie Rhind, a monument to Robert Bryson by Thomas Stuart Burnett, and a wealth of fine ornate Celtic crosses by the McGlashens. A sizeable arched pedestal to the Rev James Peddie (d. 1845) by John Dick Peddie is also of note.
Notable persons interred and cremated
Interred
George Aikman (1830–1905) artist and engraver Joseph Anderson (antiquarian) (1832–1916) keeper of the National Museum of Antiquities, and his son David Anderson, Lord St Vigeans Robert Rowand Anderson (1834–1921) architect George Angus (architect) (1798–1845) John Hutton Balfour (1808–1884) botanist Dr William Beilby (1783–1849) physician Thomas Vernon Bell MD (1824-1903) homeopath Adam Black (1784–1874), publisher, Lord Provost and Member of Parliament for Edinburgh Samuel Blackburn (1813–1856) portrait artist Hippolyte Blanc (1844–1917), architect William Graham Boss (1847–1927) stained glass designer Major General James Roper Boswall (1826–1883) John Crawford Brown (1805–1867) landscape artist Sir William Slater Brown (1844-1917) Lord Provost of Edinburgh 1909-12 William Alexander Bryson FRSE (d. 1906) creator of the public electric lighting system in Leith in 1897 (one of the first in the world) - stone vandalised Alexander Buchan (meteorologist) (1829–1907), creator of the map-based weather forecast Sir John James Burnet (1857–1938), architect Archibald Burns (1831–1880), photographer Rev Dugald Butler (1862-1926) author (in the Marwick grave) William Archibald Cadell FRSE (1775–1855) historian, mathematician and owner of the Carron Company James Cadenhead (1858–1927) artist Dr Colin Cadman (1916–1971), plant pathologist and mycologist Robert Macfarlane Cameron (1860–1920) architect Lorne MacLaine Campbell (1902–1991) Victoria Cross recipient Sir John Cheyne (1841–1907) Sir Thomas Clark (1823–1900), Lord Provost of Edinburgh (1865–1888) James Scarth Combe (1795-1883) physician Prof Arthur Connell (1794–1863), FRSE Alexander Hunter Crawford (1865–1945) architect William Crawford (1858-1926) creator of Crawfords Biscuits Mary Crudelius (1839–1877) early campaigner for female education John Cumming (artist) (1824–1908) father of William Skeoch Cumming John Cunningham (architect) (1799–1873) James Currie (shipowner) (1863–1930), owner of the Currie Line Commodore James Dalgleish (1891–1964) Sir David Deas (1807–1876), naval physician, with his architect son, Francis William Deas (1862–1951) George Deas, Lord Deas (1804–1887) William H. Dowbiggin (1780–1848) veteran of the Battle of Waterloo, son-in-law of William Maule, 1st Baron Panmure Sir David Dumbreck (1805–1876) memorial only John Gillison Dunbar (1874–1958) creator of Dunbar's lemonade General Alexander Duncan (1780-1859) Thomas Duncan (painter) (1807–1845) David Dundas, Lord Dundas (1854–1922) judge Robert William Dundas, MC, Legion of Honour, (1881–1928) military hero and solicitor, co-founder of Dundas & Wilson Elizabeth Marianne Erskine (1871–1942) early female surgeon David Taylor Fish FRHA (1824–1901) botanist and author William Flockhart (1809–1871) chemist, joint founder of Duncan Flockhart & Co Robert Gavin (1827–1883) artist Robert Gibb (1845–1932), artist, most remembered for the painting The Thin Red Line and his elder brother William Gibb (1839-1929) Robert Fleming Gourlay (1778–1863) Scottish-Canadian politician Frederick Richard Graham-Yooll (died 1931) inventor Andrew Grant (MP) (1830–1924) Liberal politician Very Rev James Grant DD FRSE (1800–1890) Director of Scottish Widows 1840 to 1890 and Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in 1854, father of above Andrew Grant Prof John Russell Greig FRSE (1889–1963) veterinarian and creator of "clean milk" Sir Louis Stewart Gumley (1870–1941), Lord Provost of Edinburgh 1935–38 Samuel Halkett (1814–1877) librarian and author Sir George Harrison (1812–1885), Lord Provost of Edinburgh 1882-5 Sir George Harvey (1805–1876) artist. David Ramsay Hay (1798–1866) artist and author Alfred Trevor Haynes (1907–1969) President of the Faculty of Actuaries 1962–64 Dr John Henderson (1818-1901) surgeon, twice Provost of Leith Alexander Henry (gunsmith) (1818–1894), gunmaker, First Edinburgh Rifle Volunteer, JP and Edinburgh Town Councillor James Howie (1845–1910) photographer John Howkins (civil engineer) (1840–1966) Edith Hughes (architect) (1888–1971) Scotland's first female architect William Hurst (civil engineer) (1810–1890) Scottish engineer linked to the early development of railways Robert Kirk Inches (1845-1918) Lord Provost of Edinburgh 1912-16 (one of the few graves of interest in the south section) Cosmo Innes (1798–1874) judge, author and antiquarian. A member of the Edinburgh Calotype Club one of the world's first photographic societies Professor Robert Jameson (1774–1854), naturalist and mineralogist Feliks Janiewicz (1762–1848), Polish composer and violinist in exile James Jardine (1776–1858) civil engineer Alexander Karley RN (1785-1859) Royal Navy Commander of ships such as HMS Apollo Alexander Keiller (1811–1892), physician and obstetrician; introduced gynaecological teaching into the Edinburgh Medical School Philip Kelland (1808–1879), English mathematician John Falconer King FIC FCS (1846–1919) Edinburgh city analyst Count Walerian Krasiński (1795–1855), Polish Calvinist politician, nationalist and historian Robert Scott Lauder (1803–1869), artist (monument by John Hutchison) James Eckford Lauder (1811–1869), artist, buried with his older brother Robert Scott Lauder Rev Prof Alexander Lawson DD (1852–1921) professor of English Literature at St Andrews University Thomas Livingstone Learmonth (1818–1903) Tasmanian politician, nephew of John Learmonth Charles Lees RSA (1800–1880) artist John Allan Lindsay (1865–1942) the final Provost of Leith 1917–1920 Hilda Lockhart Lorimer (1873–1954) classical scholar, and her brother John Gordon Lorimer (1870-1914) Professor David Low (1786–1859), agriculturalist William Henry Lowe MD (1815-1900) physician and botanist Charles Somerville MacAlester (1797–1891) - grave vandalised Horatio McCulloch (1806–1867), artist (monument by John Rhind) Very Rev Robert MacDonald (1813-1893) Moderator of the General Assembly of the Free Church of Scotland in 1882 Robert MacFarlane, Lord Ormidale (1802–1880) judge Stewart McGlashan (1807–1873) sculptor Alastair Macintyre (1913-1979) broadcaster Gillian Maclaine (1798–1840) adventurer, memorial only - lost at sea with his family Sir John Lorne MacLeod (1873–1946) Lord Provost of Edinburgh 1916 to 1919 The Very Rev John McMurtrie DD (1831–1912) Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in 1904 Prof William Ramsay McNab (1844–1889), botanist (memorial on parents' grave) Duncan McNeill, 1st Baron Colonsay and Oronsay (1793–1874), advocate and Tory politician; Lord Justice General and Lord President of the Court of Session (1852–1867) Charles Hodge Mackie (1862-1920) artist Sir Richard Mackie (1851–1923) Provost of Leith, 1899 to 1908 Very Rev Thomas Main (1813-1881) Moderator of the General Assembly of the Free Church of Scotland Sir James David Marwick (1826–1908) Very Rev Alexander Martin DD LLD (1857–1946) Principal of New College, Edinburgh Frances Helen Melville (1873 – 1962) suffragist, academic John Menzies (1808–1879), founder of the national newsagent chain bearing his name Thomas Menzies (1847–1901), major shipbuilder in Leith Prof Thomas Hugh Milroy LLD FRSE (1869–1950) physiologist, organic chemist and Vice President of the Royal Society of Edinburgh Hugh Morton (1812–1878) civil engineer Claud Muirhead (1835–1910) owner and editor of the Edinburgh Advertiser