This list of countries by largest historical GDP shows how the membership and rankings of the world's ten largest economies as measured by their gross domestic product has changed. While the United States has consistently had the world's largest economy for some time, in the last fifty years the world has seen both rises and falls in relative terms of the economies of other countries.

By average values of GDP

Nominal +The ten largest economies by average values of GDP (nominal) by every half decade from the available data in IMF, World Bank, and United Nations lists (in USD billions)World Bank GDP Data (December 2014)Year 1st2nd3rd4th5th6th7th8th9th10th2025 30,767 19,626 5,048 4,435 4,003 3,916 3,368 2,568 2,550 2,319 2020 21,354 15,103 5,054 3,937 2,699 2,675 2,646 1,906 1,744 1,656 2015 18,295 11,307 4,445 3,425 2,929 2,443 2,104 1,846 1,800 1,557 2010 15,049 6,139 5,759 3,471 2,648 2,488 2,209 2,147 1,676 1,633 2005 13,039 4,831 2,895 2,546 2,326 2,193 1,866 1,174 1,155 972 2000 10,251 4,968 1,968 1,669 1,362 1,220 1,150 745 742 655 1995 7,640 5,546 2,595 1,596 1,345 1,178 771 738 615 606 1990 5,963 3,186 2‚660 1,604 1,261 1,197 1,164 596 581 536 1985 4,339 2‚200 1,427 663 552 537 455 366 311 234 1980 2,857 1,212 1,129 857 695 605 480 304 276 242 1975 1,689 689 513 475 356 236 219 173 161 116 1970 1,076 433 209 209 146 125 109 91 88 62 1965 712 367 125 102 101 91 70 68 61 54 1960 521 142 92 72 62 61 44 41 40 37

PPP +The ten largest economies by average values of GDP (PPP) by every half decade from the available data in IMF and World Bank lists (in USD billions)Year1st2nd3rd4th5th6th7th8th9th10th 2025 41,241 30,767 17,257 7,236 7,009 6,181 5,047 4,988 4,563 4,553 2020 22,961 21,354 9,771 5,357 4,880 4,651 3,360 3,345 3,223 3,219 2015 18,295 14,835 7,032 4,999 4,143 3,631 2,959 2,829 2,811 2,520 2010 15,049 11,225 4,730 4,370 3,510 3,077 2,576 2,448 2,364 2,280 2005 13,039 5,985 3,986 3,066 3,011 2,352 2,126 2,111 2,104 1,883 2000 10,251 3,351 3,338 2,608 2,000 1,799 1,743 1,655 1,557 1,456 1995 7,640 2,929 2,175 2,024 1,488 1,385 1,371 1,323 1,273 1,205 1990 5,963 2,500 2,405 1,744 1,237 1,144 1,054 995 948 922 1985 4,339 2,500 1,625 1,262 908 830 766 715 628 608 1980 2,857 2,000 1,028 922 623 593 529 525 442 366

World Bank statistics This historical list of the ten largest countries by GDP according to the World Bank shows how the membership and rankings of the world's ten largest economies has changed. Historically, the United States was consistently year after year the world's largest economy since the early twentieth century. However, the report from 2014 showed that for the very first time China overtook the United States as the largest economy in the world taking into account purchasing power parity (PPP). Indeed, the margin of power between nations had generally widened and then lessened over time, and over the last fifty years the world has seen the rapid rise and fall in relative terms of the economies of other countries.

+Historical list of the world's ten largest economies by GDP (PPP) (billions USD) (World Bank)World Bank WDI historical GDP (PPP) DataYear201520102005200019951990World113,612.5287,771.6664,415.3147,453.1936,104.4028,249.60Top 1068,997.5352,354.8838,551.9228,608.9621,680.2217,073.821st19,524.3514,964.4013,095.4010,289.707,664.005,979.602nd17,947.0012,097.936,470.183,616.332,878.162,377.973rd8,003.405,478.713,889.583,289.802,151.441,885.974th5,546.564,322.673,343.432,150.171,834.801,472.125th3,848.273,234.902,566.002,119.991,474.181,142.676th3,579.832,924.792,006.911,553.961,271.431,020.027th3,192.402,685.981,965.601,534.811,204.871,002.538th2,842.242,332.571,860.701,525.281,201.811,001.129th2,691.812,254.821,696.731,468.181,166.04969.0210th2,650.822,058.111,657.401,060.75833.47919.32

Angus Maddison statistics This historical list of the ten largest countries by GDP compiled by British economist Angus Maddison shows how much the membership and rankings of the world's ten largest economies has changed. The following estimates are taken mainly from the 2007 monograph Contours of the World Economy, 1–2030 AD by Angus Maddison.

+(GDP (PPP) in millions of 1990 International Dollars)Year1st2nd3rd4th5th6th7th8th9th10th20038,430,7626,187,9842,699,2612,267,1361,577,4231,315,6011,280,6251,110,6911,013,000914,00019905,803,2002,321,1532,109,4001,987,9551,182,2611,098,1001,026,491944,610925,654743,76519733,536,6221,513,0701,242,932814,796739,414683,965675,941582,713494,832401,64319501,455,916510,243347,850244,985222,222220,492213,942164,957160,966102,1641913517,383241,341237,332232,351224,618204,242144,48995,48771,65341,6531870189,470134,882100,18098,37483,64672,14972,10041,81425,393 19,5561820228,600111,41737,67836,23235,46826,819 22,53520,73912,54812,299

By country The United States represented 28.69% of the world's economy in 1960 (highest point). It accounted for 1.8% of the world's economy in 1820, 8.9% in 1870, and 18.9% in 1913. As of 2025, the United States accounts for approximately 26.8% of global GDP (nominal) and 14.7% of global GDP (PPP), as per IMF estimates. The US surpassed China to become the world's largest economy around 1890, and has held the position ever since.

China represented 1.61% of the world's economy in 1987 (lowest point), rising to 18% (nominal) and 19% (PPP) in 2022. It accounted for 25.4% of global GDP in 1 CE, 29% of world global output in 1600 CE, 17.3% of the world's economy in 1870, and 33% in 1820 (its highest point). China's share of global GDP varied from a quarter to a third of global output until the late 19th century. As of 2025, China accounts for approximately 17% of global GDP (nominal) and 19.7% of global GDP (PPP), as per IMF estimates.

As of 2025, the EU accounts for approximately 17.6% of global GDP (nominal) and 14% of global GDP (PPP), as per IMF estimates. With highest being in 2001 when the EU block reached an peak of contribution in Global GDP of around 26% share in Global GDP.

The gross domestic product of India in 1500 was estimated at 24.4% of the world's economy in 1500, 22.4% in 1600, 16% in 1820, and 12.1% in 1870. India's share of global GDP declined to less than 2% of global GDP by the time of its independence in 1947, and only rose gradually after the liberalization of its economy beginning in the 1990s. As of 2025, India accounts for approximately 3.7% of global GDP (nominal) and 8.5% of global GDP (PPP), as per IMF estimates.

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