The President of India is indirectly elected with instant-runoff voting by means of an electoral college consisting of the elected members of the Parliament of India and the legislative assemblies of the states and union territories of India. The number and value of votes are based on the population in 1971 rather than the current population, as a result of the 42nd Amendment, and extended by the 84th Amendment,84th Amendment with the intention to encourage family planning programs in the states by ensuring that states are not penalised for lowering their population growth and development.
The Vice-President is elected by a different electoral college, consisting of members (elected as well as nominated) of the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.
Composition The presidential electoral college is made up of the following: elected members of the Rajya Sabha (upper house of the Parliament of India); elected members of the Lok Sabha (lower house of the Parliament of India); elected members of each state's Legislative Assembly (lower house of the state legislature); elected members of legislative assembly of Union Territories of Jammu-Kashmir, Delhi and Puducherry
Weighing of votes The value of votes cast by elected members of the state legislative assemblies and both houses of parliament are determined by the provisions of article 55(2) of the Constitution of India. The details of number of voters and votes for the presidential election are given below.Election to the Office of President, 2012 As per the 84th Amendment, the 1971 census is used, and will continue to be used until 2026.
The formula for determining the number of votes held by an MLA is:
That is, the average constituency size, determined by the 1971 census, in the state or union territory, divided by 1,000.
The number of votes for MLAs are as follows:
Name of the State/Union TerritoryNumber of State Legislative Assembly seats (elective)Population (1971 Census)Value of the vote of each MLATotal value of votes for the State/Union Territory Andhra Pradesh 175 27,800,586 159 27,825 Arunachal Pradesh 60 467,511 8 480 Assam 126 14,625,152 116 14,616 Bihar 243 42,126,236 173 42,039 Chhattisgarh 90 11,637,494 129 11,610 Delhi 70 4,065,698 58 4,060 Goa 40 795,120 20 800 Gujarat 182 26,697,475 147 26,754 Haryana 90 10,036,808 112 10,080 Himachal Pradesh 68 3,460,434 51 3,468 Jammu and Kashmir 90 45,11,341 50 4,500 Jharkhand 81 14,227,133 176 14,256 Karnataka 224 29,299,014 131 29,344 Kerala 140 21,347,375 152 21,280 Madhya Pradesh 230 30,016,625 131 30,130 Maharashtra 288 50,412,235 175 50,400 Manipur 60 1,072,753 18 1,080 Meghalaya 60 1,011,699 17 1,020 Mizoram 40 332,390 8 320 Nagaland 60 516,499 9 540 Odisha 147 21,944,615 149 21,903 Puducherry 30 471,707 16 480 Punjab 117 13,551,060 116 13,572 Rajasthan 200 25,765,806 129 25,800 Sikkim 32 209,843 7 224 Tamil Nadu 234 41,199,168 176 41,184 Telangana 119 15,702,122 132 15,708 Tripura 60 1,556,342 26 1,560 Uttar Pradesh 403 83,849,905 208 83,824 Uttarakhand 70 4,491,239 64 4,480 West Bengal 294 44,312,011 151 44,394 Total4,123 547,513,396 547,731
Note:- http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/ElectoralLaws/HandBooks/President_Election_08062017.pdf.
The value of an MP's vote is calculated by dividing the total value of all MLAs' votes by the number of MPs. The formula for determining the number of votes held by an MP is:
That is, the total Members of Parliament (Elected) = Lok Sabha (543) + Rajya Sabha (233) = 776
Value of each MP vote = 547,731 / 776 = 706 (to the nearest integer) Total value of votes of MPs = 776 × 706 = 547,856
The number of votes for MPs are as follows:
Total number of votes for presidential electors are as follows:
ElectorTotal number of electorsTotal value of votesMembers of Legislative Assemblies (elected)4,123 547,731Members of Parliament (elected)776547,856 Total 48991,095,587
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