Francis Jackson (1789–1861) was an abolitionist in Boston, Massachusetts. He was president of the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society for many years, was also president of the New England Anti-Slavery Conventions, and vice president of the American Anti-Slavery Society.Annual report of the American Anti-Slavery Society, 1860. He was also affiliated with the Boston Female Anti-Slavery Society and the Boston Vigilance Committee.Life and correspondence of Theodore Parker. 1864 He worked for the South Cove Corporation, filling in land in Boston's South End in the 1830s.
Biography
Jackson was born in Newton, Massachusetts to Timothy Jackson (1756–1814), who fought in the American Revolutionary War and later built the Jackson Homestead in Newton. Siblings included Edmund Jackson, George Jackson, Stephen Jackson, Lucretia Jackson, and politician William Jackson, who was also against slavery.
Francis Jackson served on the Boston City Council in 1823–1824 (common council, Ward 12) and 1826 (alderman).Boston Directory. 1823 In 1832 he held the position of "Land Commissioner" for the city of Boston.Boston Directory. 1832 He lived on Washington Street (c. 1823), Tremont Street (c. 1832)Boston Directory. 1823, 1832 and Hollis Street (c. 1848–1861).Boston Directory. 1848, 1861
He worked for the South Cove Corporation c. 1833–1840. In Boston "by 1830 the population had increased so much that it was felt that the time had come when more room was needed, and soon afterwards the first grand real estate enterprise was inaugurated by the filling up of the South Cove. The company was chartered Jan. 31st, 1833, and $415,000 (~$ in ) was subscribed. The work was begun May 3rd, 1834, under the management of Mr. Francis Jackson, and finished in November 1837. Seventy-seven acres of good land were thus added."
As an abolitionist, Jackson assisted fugitive slaves: "he sheltered many in a room of his house, at Number 31 Hollis Street."Wilbur H. Siebert. The Underground Railroad in Massachusetts. New England Quarterly, Vol. 9, No. 3 (Sep., 1936), p.455. He was involved with the trial of Anthony Burns in 1854. In 1854 and 1856 he "was called upon to preside" over the New England Anti-Slavery Convention held at the Melodeon.Daily Atlas (Boston); Date: 06-01-1854Boston Daily Atlas; Date: 05-29-1856
Jackson was a close friend of Wm. Lloyd Garrison, and contributed financially to Garrison's newspaper, The Liberator.
In his will, Jackson left considerable funds to abolitionist and women's suffragist efforts, and wrote about Massachusetts:
Jackson also left money to fellow abolitionists and activists Charles C. Burleigh, Lydia Maria Child, Stephen S. Foster, Francis Jackson Garrison, William Lloyd Garrison (whose son, Francis Jackson Garrison, was named after him5 Nov., 1848. Letter from Francis Jackson (Boston) to William Lloyd Garrison and Helen Eliza Garrison acknowledging the naming of Francis Jackson Garrison after him.), Oliver Johnson, Parker Pillsbury, Charles Lenox Remond, Lucy Stone, Robert F. Walcott and Charles K. Whipple.Will of a Notable Abolitionist. Evening Bulletin (San Francisco); Date: 02-08-1862
Slavery was legally abolished by the 13th Amendment just four years after Jackson's death. Some of his relatives, led by his brother Edmund, tried to demolish his anti-slavery trust. However, citing the cy-près doctrine, Justice Horace Gray denied the relatives' claim and converted the trust into an educational charity for former slaves, to better their living condition.
Jackson had three children.Excerpt of his will on p. 271: "Article 8th. I now give to my three children equally the net income of the residue of my estate, during the term of their natural lives." (emphasis added) Except for Eliza, the children are not named. His daughter Eliza F. Meriam Eddy ( Eliza Frances Jackson) had two sons and a daughter from her first marriage.Merriam Family Tree. Note: in most contemporary records, the family name was spelled Meriam with one r. One of them, Francis Jackson Meriam (1837-1865) was also in the anti-slavery cause. He joined John Brown in his insurrection against slavers despite being already blind in one eye. Eliza's daughter was the photographer and suffragette, Sarah J. Eddy.
Images
See also Jackson Homestead, Newton, Mass.
References
Further reading . Includes remarks by William Lloyd Garrison, Wendell Phillips, Samuel May, Lydia Maria Child.
External links WorldCat. Jackson, Francis 1789–1861
Petition of Francis Jackson and others in favor of abolition of slavery for the use of Faneuil Hall, 1842. (Office of Boston City Clerk Archives and Records Management Division) Boston Public Library. South Cove, Boston, 1835