Alfred William McCune (June 11, 1849 – March 28, 1927) was an American railroad builder, mine operator, and politician from the state of Utah.Whitney, 1904, p. 505–508. Owner of several retail and construction businesses, he helped build the Montana Central Railway and a portion of the Utah Southern Railroad, founded the Utah and Pacific Railroad,Myrick, p. 625-626. and built railways in Peru, among other projects. He also owned many profitable mines in Canada, Montana, Peru, and Utah, including the Payne Mine—which paid the most dividends in the history of British Columbia. Late in life, he co-founded the Cerro de Pasco Investment Company, which became the largest copper investor in South America and the largest American investor in Peru until it was nationalized in 1974.Clayton, p. 86-87. He was one of Utah's first millionaires.Ellsworth, p. 30. Accessed 2011-04-18.
He nearly became a U.S. Senator in 1899, but after being unable to receive a majority after numerous ballots and accusations of bribery, the state legislature adjourned without electing anyone to the seat.Whitney, 1916, p. 527. The Senate seat remained vacant for two years, and in 1901 another man was elected to the position.
As of the early 21st century, his Salt Lake City mansion, the Alfred McCune Home, was still considered one of the grandest homes ever built in the American West.Wadley, Carma. "A Unique 100-Year-Old Heirloom.' Deseret News. April 19, 2001. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974. Accessed 2011-04-18.
Early life McCune was born at Fort William in Calcutta, India, on June 11, 1849, to Matthew and Sarah (Scott) McCune. His father was born in 1811 on the Isle of Man, the son of Robert McCune and Agnes Jelly.Jensen, p. 161. Raised from infancy in Scotland, Matthew McCune traveled to London in 1835, joined the British Army, and married Sarah Elizabeth Caroline Scott. (He rose to the rank of captain in the artillery.) Alfred's mother, Sarah, had been born in London, where her family had resided for generations. Matthew McCune was assigned to Ft. William and the couple moved there the same year they were married. The McCunes had seven sons and one daughter, Alfred William McCune being the second-to-last to be born. All the children were born at Fort William, and three of the boys and the daughter all died there. The McCunes were members of the Plymouth Brethren Christian church. In 1851, after a church meeting in the McCune home, two sailors who were members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) converted the McCunes to Mormonism.
In 1854, Matthew McCune was sent to Rangoon, Burma, where he became a Mormon missionary in his spare time. Young Alfred was educated at home by Mormon missionaries for the next two years. Matthew McCune resigned from the British Army in late 1856, and on either December 6 or December 10 (sources differ) they set sail from Calcutta for New York City, arriving on March 3, 1857. Alfred had never seen snow before; he thought it was salt falling from the sky.Whitney, 1904, p. 505-506. After three months in New York City, the family traveled by rail to Chicago, where they proceeded by wagon to Salt Lake City,Whitney, 1904, p. 506. arriving on September 21, 1857. The family stayed with one family and then another in Farmington, Utah, for a few months before moving to Nephi, Utah in 1858.
Matthew McCune married Ann Midgley in 1859, and Isabella Chalmers in 1865. His second and third wives bore him another 15 children. Sarah McCune died in 1877. Matthew McCune died in Nephi in October 1889.
Business career In his middle and late teens, Alfred McCune worked as a farmer and stock herder. When he was 19, he worked as a laborer on the Union Pacific Railroad (then pushing through Echo Canyon in Summit County, Utah), and then ranched cattle for a time with his brother Edward.
In 1871, the Utah Southern Railroad began construction across the lower portion of the state of Utah. With business partner Joel Grover, he began supplying the railroad workers with hay, grain, and provisions.Jensen, p. 495. In 1878, McCune added a third business partner, Walter P. Read, and they built the Utah Southern Railroad Extension from Milford to Frisco in 1880–1881.Massey and Wilson, p. 211. The three opened a general store in Milford, which proved highly profitable. In 1881, McCune joined Thomas Scofield in opening a cattle and horse ranch in southern Utah.
McCune married Elizabeth Ann Claridge at Endowment House in Salt Lake City on July 1, 1872.Van Wagoner, p. 93. Elizabeth, born February 19, 1852, in Hemel Hempstead, England, was the daughter of Samuel Claridge, a convert to the Latter-day Saints movement who had emigrated to the United States in 1853 and became prominent local leader in the church.Van Wagoner, p. 90. The couple made their home in Nephi, had nine children (Alfred Jr., Harry, Earl, Raymond, Sarah Fay, Frank, Jacketta, Marcus, and Elizabeth).Whitney, 1904, p. 508.
McCune participated in a number of railroad, mining, and other business ventures in the late 19th century. Beginning in 1879, McCune's joint business venture—Grover, McCune & Read—helped grade portions of the Rio Grande Railroad, Denver and South Park Railroad, Denver and New Orleans Railroad, and Oregon Short Line Railroad.Van Wagoner, p. 94. It also supplied wood fuel to Lexington Mines in the state of Montana. But in the winter of 1882, Grover and Read, concerned about economic conditions and worried the firm was over-extended, pulled out of the business. McCune formed his own company, which bought out a general store near Butte, Montana, and supplied wood fuel to mines in that city. In 1883, he formed a joint partnership with John W. Caplis (also known as John Caplice) to provide capital for his fuel and retail businesses, but within a year Caplis withdrew from the company. In 1885, his old business partners John Caplis and Walter Read joined McCune and Helena, Montana, businessman Hugh Kirkendall in forming a construction company to build of the Montana Central Railway from Butte to Great Falls, Montana.Whitney, 1904, p. 507. The new firm also extended the Union Pacific Railroad's Oregon Short Line to Anaconda, Montana and Butte. Shortly thereafter, mine owner Marcus Daly solicited contracts from firms to provide wood fuel for his mines in Butte as well as wood to help build the town. Daly asked for the huge amount of 300,000 cords.Morris, p. 31. McCune formed a new company with Caplis and another man (John Branagan) to supply the wood. Eighty teams of horses and mules worked alongside 650 men to haul logs out of the forest, and the company built a massive wooden flume to float the logs out of Mill Creek Canyon (where they could be picked up and hauled by wagon into Butte). When McCune was done extending the Oregon Short Line to Anaconda, he extended his flume another to allow logs to make to that booming mining town. Because of these business interests, the McCunes relocated to Montana in 1885.Gates, p. 330. Three years later, with McCune having fulfilled most of his wood supply contracts, the couple moved to Salt Lake City. They purchased a home at 2nd West and South Temple streets, near the Union Pacific railroad depot.
McCune's business interests turned to mining in the 1890s. Beginning around 1891, McCune purchased interests in a number of highly productive and famous mines in British Columbia, including the Freddie Lee, Krao, Libbie, Maid of Erin, Mountain Chief, Nickel Plate, Skyline, Payne, Two Jacks, and War Eagle.Minister of Mines' Office, p. 664, 698, 700; Morrison and De Soto, p. 696; Roche, p. 122; Norman, p. 254.
McCune's interest in railroads and other businesses had not abated, however. In April 1889, he purchased a one-third interest in Salt Lake City's streetcar system,Goodman, p. 53. and converted it from mule-drawn wagons to electric.Van Wagoner, p. 95. He also formed a company which in May 1891 took over the Salt Lake Herald (at the time, the Salt Lake Tribune's biggest competitor).Malmquist, p. 173; "The New Salt Lake 'Herald'." The Deseret Weekly. June 6, 1891. In 1895, he co-founded and became part-owner of the Utah Power Company."Electric Light and Power," p. 148. In February 1897, the McCunes undertook a lengthy tour of the United Kingdom, France, Italy, and the Far East.Whitney, 1904, p. 609. They rented a large home in the English seaside town of Eastbourne. They returned to Utah in March 1898.Whitney, 1904, p. 610. In August 1898, McCune and other investors formed the Utah and Pacific Railroad (U&P), with the purpose of building of track from Milford to Uvada, Utah. The Oregon Short Line supplied the rails and ties for the U&P, and on February 2, 1899, the Oregon Short Line announced it would build a railroad that would connect the U&P at Uvada with the California state line.Myrick, p. 626.
McCune's business interests in the last three decades of his life focused on Peru. In 1887, he formed a mining syndicate with mine investor James Ben Ali Haggin to investigate mine properties in the Pasco Region of Peru.Waszkis, p. 87. McCune visited Peru for several months in the spring of 1901 to assess these properties. In 1902, the two men set up the Cerro de Pasco Investment Company and added new shareholders, which included businessman Henry Clay Frick, Michael P. Grace, Phoebe Hearst, Darius Ogden Mills, J. P. Morgan, and Hamilton McKown Twombly (an heir to the Vanderbilt fortune). The same year, the government of Peru awarded McCune a contract to survey a railroad route from Huacho to Cerro de Pasco."Concession for Americans." New York Times. February 9, 1902. McCune and his family traveled in Peru in 1902 to visit his various business ventures there.Van Wagoner, p. 97. Six years later, the government gave him a contract to build both the Cerro de Pasco Railroad which he had previously survey as well as the Ucayali Railroad along the Ucayali River in the Ancón District."Alfred McCune to Build Two Railroads for the Peruvians." New York Times. January 6, 1908; Quiroz, p. 216. In 1912, McCune incorporated the Amazon and Pacific Railway Company, with the intent of building of railroad from Cerro de Pasco to the Pacific Ocean.Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, p. 519. The Peruvian government gave McCune of land if he completed the route, and operated it for 25 years. Cerro de Pasco Investment subsequently purchased a controlling interest most of the mines in the Pasco Region as well as the Cerro de Pasco Railroad.Clayton, p. 87. It soon owned the Oroya Railroad, a very large copper mine in the Morococha District, and the giant productive Casapalca mine.Levesque, p. 90. By 1916, the company had more than $30 million invested in copper mining in Peru. This was the largest copper investment anywhere in South America, and probably the largest in the world outside the United States. Cerro de Pasco Investment Company remained the largest American investor in Peru throughout the 20th century, until it was nationalized in 1974.Clayton, p. 86. (In 1957, the "McCune Pit"—named for Alfred W. McCune—opened in Cerro de Pasco. Roughly 80 percent of all copper mined in the Pasco Region came from the McCune Pit in 1960.)Dore, p. 144.
Political career