The 1971 Rhineland-Palatinate state election was conducted on 21 March 1971 to elect members to the Landtag, the state legislature of Rhineland-Palatinate, West Germany.
This election was the only one held with six constituencies under the 7 July 1970 state electoral law:
Constituency One (Wahlkreis 1) centered around Neuwied elected 15 members. Constituency Two (Wahlkreis 2) centered around Koblenz, elected 22 members. Constituency Three (Wahlkreis 3) centered around Trier elected 15 members. Constituency Four (Wahlkreis 4) centered around Mainz elected 14 members. Constituency Five (Wahlkreis 5) centered around Ludwigshafen elected 21 members. Constituency Six (Wahlkreis 6) centered around Kaiserslautern elected 15 members.
All seats would be distributed via Hare method. |- |colspan=15| |- ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:left;" width=300px colspan=2|Party ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" width=50px |Vote % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" width=50px |Vote % ± ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" width=50px |Seats ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" width=50px |Seats ± |- | width=5px style="background-color: " | | style="text-align:left;" | Christian Democratic Union | style="text-align:right;" | 50.0 | style="text-align:right;" | +3.3 | style="text-align:right;" | 53 | style="text-align:right;" | +4 |- | style="background-color: " | | style="text-align:left;" | Social Democratic Party | style="text-align:right;" | 40.5 | style="text-align:right;" | +3.7 | style="text-align:right;" | 44 | style="text-align:right;" | +5 |- | style="background-color: " | | style="text-align:left;" | Free Democratic Party | style="text-align:right;" | 5.9 | style="text-align:right;" | –2.4 | style="text-align:right;" | 3 | style="text-align:right;" | –5 |- | style="background-color: " | | style="text-align:left;" | National Democratic Party | style="text-align:right;" | 2.7 | style="text-align:right;" | –4.2 | style="text-align:right;" | 0 | style="text-align:right;" | –4 |- | style="background-color: " | | style="text-align:left;" | German Communist Party | style="text-align:right;" | 0.9 | style="text-align:right;" | N/A | style="text-align:right;" | 0 | style="text-align:right;" | N/A |- style="background: #E9E9E9" ! style="text-align:left;" colspan=2| Total | 100.0 | — | 100 | ±0 |- | colspan=9 style="text-align:left;" | Source: parties-and-elections.de |}