This is a list of monarchs who either lost their thrones through deposition by a coup d'état, by a referendum which abolished their throne, or chose to abdicate during the 19th century.
A
Afghanistan Zaman Shah, deposed 1801. Mahmud Shah Durrani, deposed 1803, reinstated 1809, deposed again 1818. Shoja Shah, deposed 1809, reinstated 1839. Dost Mohammad Khan, deposed 1839, reinstated 1842. Wazir Akbar Khan, retired 1843. Sher Ali Khan, deposed 1866, reinstated 1868. Mohammad Yaqub Khan, deposed 1879. Ayub Khan, deposed 1880.
Algeria Hussein ben Hassan, Dey of Algeria, surrendered to invading French forces on 5 July 1830.
Alt-Leiningen Christian Karl of Alt-Leiningen, Count of Alt-Leiningen 1770–1801. Deposed or abdicated 1801. Died 1803.
amaGaza Mawewe Nxumalo, Nkosi of amaGaza 11 Oct 1858 – 18??, deposed or abdicated 18??, restored 18??, reigned until 1862. Mzila Nxumalo, Nkosi of amaGaza, deposed or abdicated 18??, restored 1862, reigned until August 1884.
Antakarana Tsialana II, King of Antakarana, deposed 1895.
Aremberg Ludwig Engelbert, Duke of Aremberg (Herzog von Aremberg) 1778–1801, deposed or abdicated 1801. Died 1820. Prosper Ludwig, Duke of Aremberg (Herzog von Aremberg) 1802–1810, deposed or abdicated 1810. Died 1861.
Bishopric of Augsburg Klemens Wenzeslaus von Sachsen, Prince-Bishop of Augsburg, deposed 1802 upon Augsburg's annexation by Bavaria, died 1812.
Austria Emperor Ferdinand I, abdicated 1848.
B
Grand Duchy of Baden Ludwig II, Grand Duke of Baden, abdicated 1856.
Bahrain Shaikh Muhammad bin Khalifa al-Khalifa, deposed 1868.
Bajini Hashimu bin Ahmed, 3 times Sultan of Bajini, 18xx–18xx, 18xx–1886, 1889.
Baku Khanate Husayn Quli Khan, Khan of Baku, deposed due to Russian annexation, 1806.
Balasinor Nawab Shri Muhammad 'Abid Khan Naver Khan Babi, Nawab Sahib of Balasinor 1820–1822, deposed 1822.
Bambao Ahmed bin Shekhe Ngome, Sultan of Bambao, reigned 4 times in the 19th century. Abdallah bin Saidi Hamza, Sultan of Bambao, reigned 3 times in the 19th century. Mohamed bin Ahmed of Bambao, Sultan of Bambao, reigned 2 times in the 19th century. Mwenye Mji, Sultan of Bambao, reigned 2 times in the 19th century. Saidi Bakari bin Ahmed, Sultan of Bambao, reigned 2 times in the 19th century. Banten Maulana Muhammad Shafiuddin of Banten, reigned at a very young age, deposed in 1813 by the British and exiled to Surabaya, died in 1898.
Prince-Bishopric of Bamberg Christoph Franz von Buseck, Prince-Bishop of Bamberg (Fürstbishof zu Bamberg), deposed in 1802 due to Bamberg's annexation by Bavaria, died 1805.
Banganapalle Nawab Sayyid Husain Ali II Khan Bahadur, Jagirdar of Banganapalle, deposed 1832, restored 1848.
Baoni Sahib Jah, Azam ul-Umara, Rashid ul-Mulk, 'Imad ud-Daula, Nawab Mir Mehdi Husain Khan Bahadur, Firuz Jang, Nawab of Baoni 1859–1883, abdicated in favor of his son, died 1895.
Kingdom of Bavaria Ludwig I, King of Bavaria 1825–1848, abdicated 1848, died 1868.
Berg and Cleves Wilhelm, Duke of Berg and Cleves, deposed 1806 Joachim Murat, Grand Duke of Berg, abdicated 1808. Napoléon Louis Bonaparte, Grand Duke of Berg 1809–1813, deposed 1813.
Birkenfeld Wilhelm, Count Palatine of Birkenfeld, deposed due to Birkenfeld's annexation by France, 1801.
Boina Kingdom Andriantsoly, King of Boina, deposed or abdicated 1832 Tsiomeko, Queen of Boina, deposed 1840.
Bora Bora Princess Ari'i-'Otare Teari'i-maeva-rua II, deposed by the French, 19 March 1888.
Barotseland
Lubosi I, Litunga of the Lozi and Paramount Chief of Barotseland, deposed 1884, restored 1885, died 1916. Akafuna Tatila, Litunga of the Lozi and Paramount Chief of Barotseland, deposed 1885, died 1887.
Bone State La Mappatunru To' Wappatunru' Paduka Sri Sultan Muhammad Ismail Mukhtaj ud-din (MatinroE-ri Lalang-bata), Arumpone of Bone 1812–1823, deposed or abdicated 1823, d.1825.
Empire of Brazil King João VI, lost the crown 1822. Emperor Pedro I, abdicated 1831. Emperor Pedro II, deposed 1889.
Brakna Sidi Mukhtar wuld Sidi Muhammad, Emir of Brakna 1841–1843, deposed or abdicated 1843.
Brunswick Frederick William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Duke of Brunswick 1806–1807, deposed 1807, restored 1813. Charles II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Duke of Brunswick 1815–1831, deposed 1831, died 1873.
Buganda Mwanga II, Kabaka of Buganda 1884–1888 and 1889–1897, died 1897. Kalema, Kabaka of Buganda 1888–1889, died 1890.
Bunyoro Chwa II Kabarega, ruler of Bunyoro 1869–1873, died 1898.
Burma Bagyidaw, King of Burma, deposed 1837. Pagan Min II, King of Burma, abdicated 1853. Thibaw Min, King of Burma, deposed 1885.
C
Cambodia Ang Duong II, deposed 1844, reinstated 1845, d.1860. Queen Ba-cong-chua, deposed 1841, reinstated 1844, deposed again 1845.
Chitral Mehtar Sher Afzal, Mehtar of Chitral and Yasin, deposed 1893. Mehtar Muhammad Amir ul-Mulk, Mehtar of Chitral and Yasin, deposed 1895.
Prince-Bishopric of Constance Karl Theodor Anton Maria Freiherr von Dalberg, Prince-Bishop of Constance, deposed due to annexation by Baden in 1802.
Imperial Abbey of Corvey Ferdinand Freiherr von Lüning, Prince-Bishop of Corvey, deposed due to the annexation of the state by the Prince of Orange-Nassau in 1802.
Croy-Dülmen August, Count of Croy-Dülmen, deposed due to the annexation of Croy-Dülmen by Arenberg in 1806.
D
E
Egypt Eyalet Muhammad 'Ali Pasha, Wāli of Egypt, abdicated 1848. Ismail Pasha, Khedive of Egypt, deposed 1879.
Prince-Bishopric of Eichstätt Joseph Graf von Stubenberg, Prince-Bishop of Eichstätt, deposed when Bavaria annexed Eichstätt in 1802.
Elchingen Robert II Plersch, Abbot of Elchingen, deposed 1803 following annexation of Elchingen by Bavaria.
Prince-Provostry of Ellwangen Clemens Wenzel of Saxony, Prince-Provost of the College, deposed due to annexation by Württemberg, 1803.
Essen Abbey Maria Kunigunde Herzogin von Sachsen, Princess-Abbess of Essen, deposed due to annexation by Prussia, 1802.
Ethiopian Empire Tekle Giyorgis I (Fakr Sagad), Emperor of Ethiopia, succeeded upon the deposition of Emperor Iyasu III, 24 April 1788. Deposed for a second time 26 July 1789. Regained the throne by force of arms in January 1794. Deposed for the third time, 15 April 1795. Restored December 1795. Deposed for the fourth time, 20 May 1796. Restored again 4 January 1798. Deposed for the fifth time on 20 May 1799. Restored 24 March 1800 but was then deposed for the sixth and last time. Demetros, Emperor of Ethiopia, installed 1799 and deposed 1800, reinstated 1800, deposed again 1801. Yohannes III, Emperor of Ethiopia, installed 1840, deposed 1841, reinstated and deposed again 1845, reinstated again 1850, and deposed again 1851. Sahle Dengel, Emperor of Ethiopia, installed 1832, deposed 1840, restored 1841, deposed again 1845, reinstated again 1845, deposed again 1850, reinstated again 1851 and deposed for the last time in 1855. Tewodros II, Emperor of Ethiopia, died 1868. Tekle Giyorgis II, Emperor of Ethiopia, deposed in 1872 by Kassay Merca, who was then proclaimed Emperor Yohannes IV.
F
France Napoleon I, Emperor of the French, abdicated 1814, reinstated and deposed 1815. Louis XVIII, King of France, deposed 1815, reinstated 1815. Napoleon II, Emperor of the French, deposed 1815. Charles X, King of France, abdicated 1830. Louis XIX, King of France (pretender), abdicated 1830. Henri V, King of France (pretender), deposed 1830. Louis Philippe I, King of the French, abdicated 1848. Napoleon III, Emperor of the French, deposed 1870.
Frankfurt Carl Theodor Reichsfreiherr von Dalberg, Prince of Frankfurt 1806–1810 and Grand Duke of Frankfurt 1810–1813, deposed or abdicated 1813, died 1817. Eugène de Beauharnais, Grand Duke of Frankfurt 1813, deposed or abdicated 1813, died 1824.
Prince-Bishopric of Freising Joseph Konrad Graf von Schroffenberg-Mös, Prince-Bishop of Freising, annexed by Bavaria 1803.
Freudenberg Benedict Kirchner, Seigneur-Abbot of Freudenberg, annexed by France 1801.
Friedberg in der Wetterau Clemens Augustus Freiherr von Westphalen zu Fürstenberg, Burgrave of Friedberg in der Watterau, lands annexed by Hesse-Darmstadt 1806.
Imperial Abbey of Fulda Adalbert III von Herstal, Prince-Bishop of Fulda, deposed 1802.
Fürstenberg Charles Egon II, Prince of Fürstenberg, deposed through the annexation of Fürstenberg by Baden in 1806, died 1854.
G
Gandersheim Abbey Auguste Dorothea Herzogin von Braunschweig, Princess-Abbess of Gandersheim, deposed in 1802 following the annexation of Gandersheim by the Duchy of Brunswick.
Ganja Khanate Javad Khan (1786–1804), deposed through the Russian annexation in 1804.
Ghazni Musa Jan Khan of Ghazni, Emir of Ghazni 1879–1880, deposed or abdicated 1880.
Greece Otto, King of Greece, deposed 1862.
Guria Vakhtang III Gurieli, Prince of Guria, deposed 1803. David Gurieli, Prince of Guria, deposed 1829.
Gutenzell Abbey Justina von Erolzheim, Princess-Abbess of Gutenzell 1776–1803, deposed through the annexation by Württemberg 1803, died 1809.
Gottschee Wilhelm I of Gottschee, reigned 1800–1809 and 1815–1822, lost his domain to Austria-Hungary, restored 1815, died 1822.
Gowa Karaeng Pangkajena Paduka Sri Sultan 'Abdu'l Khalik ibnu Sultan Zain ud-din, Sultan of Gowa, deposed 1814. La Oddanriwu Karaeng Katangka Paduka Sri Sultan 'Abdu'l Rahman ibnu Sultan 'Abdu'l Rauf, Sultan of Gowa, installed and deposed 1825, died 1845.
H
Haiti Faustin I, Emperor of Haiti, deposed 1859.
Kingdom of Hanover George V, King of Hanover, deposed 1866, died 1878.
Kingdom of Hawaii Liliuokalani, Queen of the Hawaiian Islands, deposed 1893.
Emirate of Harar `Abd Allah II ibn `Ali `Abd ash-Shakur, usurper, seized the throne 1884 (or 1885). Deposed by Emperor Menelik II in 1887.
Monastic State of the Knights Hospitaller, Heitersheim Ignaz Balthasar Willibald Rink von Baldenstein, Prince-General Prior of Heitersheim 1796–1806, deposed through the annexation by Baden.
Herford Abbey Friedrike Charlotte Leopoldine Luise Prinzessin von Brandenburg-Schwedt, Princess-Abbess of Herford 1764–1802, deposed through the annexation by Prussia, died 1808.
Electorate of Hesse Wilhelm IX of Hesse-Kassel, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel 1785–1803, then Elector and Sovereign Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel 1803–1807, deposed 1807, restored 1813, died 1821. Friedrich Wilhelm I of Hesse Kassel, Elector and Sovereign Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel 1847–1866, deposed 1866, died 1875.
Prince-Bishopric of Hildesheim Franz Egon von Fürstenberg, Prince-Bishop of Hildesheim 1789–1802, deposed through the annexation by Prussia.
Hohengeroldseck Philipp Franz Wilhelm Ignaz Peter, Count of Hohengeroldseck 1775–1806, promoted to Prince 1806, deposed 1814, died 1829.
Hohenlohe-Langenburg Karl Ludwig of Hohenlohe-Langenburg 1789–1806, deposed through the annexation by Baden 1806.
Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen Friedrich Ludwig zu Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen, Prince of Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen 1796–1806, deposed through the annexation by Bavaria 1806.
Hohenlohe-Bartenstein Ludwig Aloys Joachim of Hohenlohe-Bartenstein, Prince of Hohenlohe-Bartenstein, deposed through the annexation by Bavaria 1806. Karl Joseph of Hohenlohe-Bartenstein, Prince of Hohenlohe-Bartenstein (in Jagstberg) 1798–1806, deposed through the annexation by Bavaria 1806. Eduard of Hohenlohe-Bartenstein, Prince of Hohenlohe-Bartenstein (in Bartenstein), deposed through the annexation by Bavaria 1806.
Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst Karl Albrecht III Philipp Josef, Prince of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst 1796–1806, deposed through the annexation by Bavaria 1806.
Hohenzollern-Hechingen Friedrich Wilhelm of Hohenzollern-Hechingen, Prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen 1838–1850, abdicated 1850, died 1869.
Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen Karl of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, Prince of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (Fürst von Hohenzollern zu Sigmaringen) 1831–1848, deposed or abdicated 1848, died 1853.