Gaston Milhaud (; 10 August 1858, Nîmes – 1 October 1918, Paris) was a French philosopher and historian of science.
Gaston Milhaud studied mathematics with Gaston Darboux at the École Normale Supérieure. In 1881 he took a teaching post at the University of Le Havre. In 1891 he became professor of mathematics at Montpellier University, and in 1895 became professor of philosophy there.J. Peiffer, 'Milhaud, Gaston', in Joseph Warren Dauben and Christoph J. Scriba, eds., Writing the history of mathematics: its historical development, Birkhäuser, 2002, p.486 In 1909 a chair in the history of philosophy in its relationship to the sciences was created for him at the Sorbonne. Milhaud's successor in the chair was Abel Rey.
Works Leçons sur les origines de la science grecque, Paris, F.Alcan, 1893 Essai sur les conditions et les limites de la certitude logique, 1894 Le rationnel: études complémentaires à l'Essai sur la certitude logique, 1898 Les philosophes-géomètres de la Grèce, Platon et ses prédécesseurs, Paris, 1900 Études sur la pensée scientifique chez les Grecs et chez les modernes, Paris, 1906 Nouvelles études sur l'histoire de la pensée scientifique, 1910 Descartes savant, Paris, 1921 La philosophie de Charles Renouvier, 1927 Études sur Cournot, 1927
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