The 1828–29 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. As these United States Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the 17th Amendment to the United States Constitution in 1913, senators were chosen by State legislature United States. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1828 and 1829, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock. In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 2.

The Jacksonian coalition, despite its leader's victory in the presidential election, lost a seat in the Senate to the opposing Anti-Jacksonian coalition. Senators who called themselves "Anti-Jacksonian" or "National Republicans" were also called "Adams" or "Adams Men."

Results summary Senate party division at the beginning of the 21st United States Congress (1829–1831)

Majority party: Jacksonian 26 Minority party: Anti-Jackson 22 Total seats: 48

Change in composition

Before the elections

A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A J J J Majority → J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J

As a result of the elections A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A J J Majority → J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J

Key: A = Anti-Jacksonian J = Jacksonian V = Vacant

Race summaries Bold states link to specific election articles.

Special elections during the 20th Congress In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1828 or before March 4, 1829; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates Senator Party Electoral history Georgia(Class 2) Thomas W. Cobb Jacksonian 1824 Incumbent resigned before November 7, 1828.New senator elected November 7, 1828.Jacksonian hold. Ohio(Class 3) William Henry Harrison Anti-Jacksonian 1824 Incumbent resigned May 20, 1828 to become Minister Plenipotentiary to Gran Colombia.New senator elected December 10, 1828.Anti-Jacksonian hold. North Carolina(Class 3) Nathaniel Macon Jacksonian 1815 18181825 Incumbent resigned November 14, 1828.New senator elected December 15, 1828.Jacksonian hold. Maine(Class 1) Albion K. Parris Jacksonian 1827 Incumbent resigned August 26, 1828 when appointed to the Maine Supreme Judicial Court.New senator elected January 15, 1829.Anti-Jacksonian gain. New York(Class 1) Martin Van Buren Jacksonian 18211827 Incumbent resigned December 20, 1828 to become Governor of New York.New senator elected January 15, 1829.Jacksonian hold. New Jersey(Class 1) Ephraim Bateman Anti-Jacksonian 1826 1826 Incumbent resigned January 12, 1829 due to failing health.New senator elected January 30, 1829.Jacksonian gain.

Races leading to the 21st Congress In these regular elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1829; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 2 seats.

State Incumbent Results Candidates Senator Party Electoralhistory Alabama William R. King Jacksonian 18191822 Incumbent re-elected in 1828. Delaware Henry M. Ridgely Jacksonian 1827 Incumbent retired.New senator elected in 1829.Anti-Jacksonian gain. Georgia Oliver H. Prince Jacksonian 1828 Unknown if incumbent ran for re-election.New senator elected in 1828 or 1829.Jacksonian hold. Illinois Jesse B. Thomas Anti-Jacksonian 18181823 Incumbent retired.New senator elected in 1828 or 1829.Jacksonian gain. Kentucky Richard M. Johnson Jacksonian 1819 1823 Incumbent lost re-election.New senator elected in 1829.Jacksonian hold. Louisiana Dominique Bouligny Anti-Jacksonian 1824 Unknown if incumbent ran for re-election.New senator elected in 1829.Jacksonian gain. Maine John Chandler Jacksonian 18201823 Incumbent retired.New senator elected in 1828 or 1829.Anti-Jacksonian gain. Massachusetts Nathaniel Silsbee Anti-Jacksonian 1826 Incumbent re-elected in 1829. Mississippi Thomas Hill Williams Jacksonian 18171823 Unknown if incumbent ran for re-election.New senator elected in 1828.Jacksonian hold. New Hampshire Samuel Bell Anti-Jacksonian 1823 Incumbent re-elected in 1828 or 1829. New Jersey Mahlon Dickerson Jacksonian 18171823 Incumbent resigned January 30, 1829 when elected to the class 1 seat.New senator elected immediately thereafter on January 30, 1829.Anti-Jacksonian gain. North Carolina John Branch Jacksonian 1822 Incumbent re-elected in 1829. Rhode Island Nehemiah R. Knight Anti-Jacksonian 1821 1823 Incumbent re-elected October 31, 1828. South Carolina Robert Y. Hayne Jacksonian 1822 Incumbent re-elected in 1828. Tennessee Hugh Lawson White Jacksonian 1825 Incumbent re-elected in 1829. Virginia Littleton Tazewell Jacksonian 1824 Incumbent re-elected in 1829.

Special elections during the 21st Congress In these special elections, the winners were elected in 1829 after March 4; ordered by election date. State Incumbent Results Candidates Senator Party Electoral history Tennessee(Class 1) John Eaton Jacksonian 1818 1819 1821 1821 1826 Incumbent resigned March 9, 1829 to become U.S. Secretary of War.New senator elected October 19, 1829.Jacksonian hold. Georgia(Class 3) John M. Berrien Jacksonian 1825 Incumbent resigned March 9, 1829 to become U.S. Attorney General.New senator elected November 9, 1829.Jacksonian hold. North Carolina(Class 2) John Branch Jacksonian 18221828 Incumbent resigned March 9, 1829 to become U.S. Secretary of the Navy.New senator elected December 9, 1829.Jacksonian hold.

Alabama

Delaware

Georgia

Georgia had three elections in this cycle.

Georgia (regular)

Georgia (special, class 2)

John Raper Senator of Carroll County, Ga. murdered by George Blackwood

Georgia (special, class 3)

Illinois

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maine had two elections in this cycle.

Maine (regular)

Maine (special)

Massachusetts

Massachusetts had two elections in this cycle.

Massachusetts (regular)

Massachusetts (special)

Mississippi

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Jersey had two elections in this cycle.

New Jersey (regular)

New Jersey (special)

New York (special)

North Carolina

North Carolina had three elections in this cycle.

North Carolina (regular)

North Carolina (special, class 2)

North Carolina (special, class 3)

Ohio (special)

Rhode Island

South Carolina

Tennessee

Tennessee had two elections in this cycle.

Tennessee (regular)

Tennessee (special)

Virginia

See also 1828 United States elections 1828 United States presidential election 1828–29 United States House of Representatives elections 20th United States Congress 21st United States Congress

Notes

References

Sources Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present, via Senate.gov